Answer:
If a negatively charged balloon is brought near one end of the rod but not in direct contact, then <u>the negative charges on the balloon repel the same amount of negative charges on the end of the rod that is close to the balloon</u>, and the positive charges stay at the balloon-side of the rod. The total charge of the rod is still zero, but the distribution of the charges are now non-uniform.
Answer:
Work done against gravity will be
W = Mgℓ
Explanation:
Work done to raise the mass from ground to given height is against gravity
So here work done is given by the formula

here we know that

it is the force due to gravity which is also known as weight
so here distance moved by the object is given as
d = ℓ
now work done is given as
W = Mg ℓ
I'm a little confused by your question.
If you mean what is popular sovereignty, it is the belief that the governments is made and sustained by the consent of the people that it governs.