Heat required to change the phase of ice is given by
Q = m* L
here
m = mass of ice
L = latent heat of fusion
now we have
m = 45 kg
L = 334 KJ/kg
now by using above formula


In KJ we can convert this as

so the correct answer is D option
It is as a result of gravity. (D)
This is as stated by Newton's law of universal gravitation. That two objects in the universe attract one another with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance apart.
The constant of proportionality is the Universal Gravitational Constant.
G = 6.673 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²kg⁻²
Explanation:
Gravitational Potential Energy can be calculated with the following formula:

Where m is mass, g is Gravitational Field Strength, and h is height. GFS on Earth is always 9.81, the combined mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 70, and the height is 120. Multiplying these values together, we get:
82,404J.