Electronegativity
The tendency of an atom to pull electrons towards itself is called electronegativity.
It is the tendency of an atom to attract bonding pair of electrons towards itself. These atoms which are more electronegative are able to bear a negative charge and be stable.
Unlike electropositive elements which tend to lose electrons , electronegative elements hold on tightly to the electrons.
The electronegativity is measured using the Pauling Scale where the most electronegative element of the periodic table, Fluorine , is given a value of 4 and the rest of the elements have values lower than 4 according to the trends followed by their groups and periods.
The least electronegative element of the periodic table , Cesium has a value of 0.7 on the Pauling Scale.
Electronegativity increases when we move from left to right in the periodic table and it decreases (in general) when we move down the group.
(To know more about Electronegativity: https://brainly.in/question/5742635 )
The strength of an acid increases if the stability of conjugate base increases
The stability of a conjugate base increases with the presence of electron with drawing group (electronegative group)
Thus more the electronegativity of an atom attached to a carboxylic acid higher the strength of acid
In these examples CH3CH2CH2CF2CH2COOH contains to electronegative flourine atoms which stabilizes the conjugate base hence this will be the strongest acid among the given acids
<u>Given:</u>
H2(g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g)
<u>To determine:</u>
The enthalpy of the reaction and whether it is endo or exothermic
<u>Explanation:</u>
Enthalpy of a reaction is given by the difference between the enthalpy of formation of reactants and products
ΔH = ∑nHf (products) - ∑nHf (reactants)
= [2Hf(HCl)] - [Hf(H2) + Hf(Cl2)] = 2 (-92.3) kJ = - 184.6 kJ
Since the reaction enthalpy is negative, the reaction is exothermic
<u>Ans:</u> The enthalpy of reaction is -184. kJ and the reaction is exothermic