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3 years ago

What shape and bond angles would this molecule have in three dimensions?

Chemistry

2 answers:

Darya [45]3 years ago

5 0

Answer : The shape and bond angle of the given molecule is, bent and $120^o$ respectively.

Explanation :

In the given molecule, 'Y' is the central atom and 'X' is the neighboring atom. In the given molecule, there are 4 electron pairs that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are two atoms around the central atom, the third and fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be bent or angular and the bond angle will be, $120^o$ .

Hence, the shape and bond angle of the given molecule is, bent and $120^o$ respectively.

diamong [38]3 years ago

4 0

The shape of the given molecule is $\boxed{{\text{bent}}}$ .

The bond angle is $\boxed{109^\circ }$ .

Further explanation

The VSEPR theory is also known as valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. This theory is used to determine the geometry of a central atom or ion. It is based on the repulsion between bond pairs and lone pairs in the valence shell of the central atom.

The ${\text{A}}{{\text{X}}_{\text{m}}}{{\text{E}}_{\text{n}}}$ classification is used to expresses the geometry of the central atom in VSEPR theory. In ${\text{A}}{{\text{X}}_{\text{m}}}{{\text{E}}_{\text{n}}}$ classification, A is a central atom, X is covalent bond, E is the lone pair, m is the total number of covalent bond present on central atom, and n is the total number of lone pair present on the central atom

VSEPR model is employed to predict the shape of compounds with a nonmetal as the central atom.

Bond Angle: Bond Angle is the angle between the two bonds that are attached to same central atom.

Lone Pair: It refers to a pair of valence electrons that that is not shared with another atom.

Molecular Geometry: This is the 3-D arrangement of bonded atoms in a polyatomic ion or molecule.

Electron Pair Geometry: This is the 3-D arrangement of electron pairs around the central atom of a polyatomic ion or molecule.

The main difference between molecular geometry and electron pair geometry is that molecular geometry does not include unpaired electrons, whereas electron pair geometry includes both bonded atoms and unpaired electrons.

In the Lewis structure of the given molecule, Y is the central atom and X is the neighboring atom. As there are only two atoms around the central atom, the remaining position of the central atom will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. So, there are two bond pairs and two lone pairs. The repulsion between lone and bond pairs of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be bent or angular and the bond angle will be $109\;^\circ$ .

Hence, the shape of the given molecule is, bent and the bond angle is $109\;^\circ$ . ( Refer to the attached image).

Learn more:

1. Complete and balance the following equation brainly.com/question/5526988

2. Write the net ionic equation. brainly.com/question/5817505

Answer details:

Grade: Senior school

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Molecular structure and bonding

Keywords: vsepr, bond pair, lone pair, electron, repulsion, bent, 109, molecular geometry and YX2.

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Can anyone explain dipoles in chemistry?

slavikrds [6]

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

A dipole refers to a bond in which its two ends have opposite charges. A dipole results from a large difference in electronegativity between two atoms in a bond.

For instance, consider the bond between hydrogen and chlorine in HCl. The electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.2 while that of chlorine is 3.16. The significant electronegativity difference between the two atoms leads to a charge separation.

A partial positive charge appears on the atom that is less electronegative (hydrogen) while a negative charge appears on the more electronegative atom (chlorine).

This charge separation occurs because the shared electrons of the bond are more closely attracted to chlorine making it partially negative compared to hydrogen. A dipole moment now exists in the H-Cl bond hence the molecule is said to have a dipole.

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3 years ago

If the mass of the baking soda before the reaction was 10 grams and the mass of the vinegar was 15 grams and all of the baking s

Masteriza [31]

Answer:

8.946g NaHCO₃,

14.475g H₂O,

1.025g CH₃COO⁻Na⁺,

0.500g CO₂.

Explanation:

Baking soda (NaHCO₃) reacts with vinegar (CH₃COOH 5%) producing CH₃COO⁻Na⁺, H₂O and CO₂, thus:

NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CH₃COO⁻Na⁺ + H₂O + CO₂

10g of NaHCO₃ are:

10g × (1mol / 84g) = 0.119 moles NaHCO₃

Moles of CH₃COOH in 15g of vinegar are:

15g vinegar × 5% = 0.75g CH₃COOH × (1mol / 60g) = 0.0125moles CH₃ COOH

After reaction, moles of NaHCO₃ that remains are:

0.119mol - 0.0125mol = 0.1065 moles NaHCO₃

In mass:

0.1065mol ₓ (84g / 1mol) = 8.946g NaHCO₃

Acetic acid reacts completely producing 0.0125moles of CH₃COO⁻Na⁺, water and CO₂. In mass:

CH₃COO⁻Na⁺ = 0.0125mol ₓ (82.03g / 1mol) = 1.025g CH₃COO⁻Na⁺

H₂O = 0.0125mol ₓ (18.01g / 1mol) = 0.225g H₂O

CO₂ = 0.0125mol ₓ (40g / 1mol) = 0.500g CO₂

Now, 95% of vinegar is water (Doesn't react), that is:

15g × 95% = 14.25g H₂O. Total mass of water is:

14.25g + 0.225g = 14.475g H₂O

Total mass is:

8.946g + 14.475g H₂O + 1.025g + 0.500g ≈ 25g. The same than initial mass following law of conservation of matter.

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melomori [17]

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