A compound contains only carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Combustion of 0.157 g of the compound produced 0.213 g of CO2 a
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INFORMATION:
We have the following statements
And we must complete them
STEP BY STEP EXPLANATION:
To complete the statements, we need to classify matter according to its state:
- Solid:
there is not enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular interactions between the particles. As a result, solids have a definite shape and volume.
- Liquid:
That describes the liquid state. In a liquid, the particles are still in close contact, so liquids have a definite volume. However, because the particles can move about each other rather freely, a liquid has no definite shape and takes a shape dictated by its container.
- Gas:
That describes the gas state, which we will consider in more detail elsewhere. Like liquids, gases have no definite shape, but unlike solids and liquids, gases have no definite volume either.
Finally, we know that:
- A solid has a definite volume and has a definite shape
- A liquid has a definite volume and has not a definite shape
- A gas has not a definite volume and has not a definite shape
ANSWER:
- A solid has a definite volume and has a definite shape
- A liquid has a definite volume and has not a definite shape
- A gas has not a definite volume and has not a definite shape
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
Burning a compound of calcium, carbon, and nitrogen in oxygen in a combustion train generates calcium oxide (CaO), carbon dioxide , nitrogen dioxide
, and no other substances. A small sample gives 2.389 g CaO, 1.876 g
, and 3.921 g
Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
<u>Answer:</u> The empirical formula for the given compound is
<u>Explanation:</u>
The chemical equation for the combustion of compound having calcium, carbon and nitrogen follows:
where, 'x', 'y' and 'z' are the subscripts of calcium, carbon and nitrogen respectively.
We are given:
Mass of CaO = 2.389 g
Mass of
Mass of
We know that:
Molar mass of calcium oxide = 56 g/mol
Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol
Molar mass of nitrogen dioxide = 46 g/mol
<u>For calculating the mass of carbon:</u>
In 44g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.
So, in 1.876 g of carbon dioxide, of carbon will be contained.
<u>For calculating the mass of nitrogen:</u>
In 46 g of nitrogen dioxide, 14 g of nitrogen is contained.
So, in 3.921 g of nitrogen dioxide, of nitrogen will be contained.
<u>For calculating the mass of calcium:</u>
In 56 g of calcium oxide, 40 g of calcium is contained.
So, in 2.389 g of calcium oxide, of calcium will be contained.
To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:
- <u>Step 1:</u> Converting the given masses into moles.
Moles of Calcium =
Moles of Carbon =
Moles of Nitrogen =
- <u>Step 2:</u> Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.
For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.0426 moles.
For Calcium =
For Carbon =
For Nitrogen =
- <u>Step 3:</u> Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.
The ratio of Ca : C : N = 1 : 1 : 2
Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is