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RSB [31]
3 years ago
13

Explain the roles of products, reactants, and limiting reactant in a chemical reaction.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Lady bird [3.3K]3 years ago
4 0
Products and reactants are substances. The first one (the products) are obtained when the reactants are changed. The process of change of one element into another is called chemical reaction. The reactants are transformed during the chemical reaction into products. Limiting reactant is the reactant which defines the amount of product as a a result of the reaction. This reactant is also called limiting reagent. 
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bogdanovich [222]

D-Damaged cells are replaced

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2 years ago
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Calcula el pH de las siguientes sustancias formadas durante una erupción volcánica:
Virty [35]

<em>Calculate the pH of the following substances formed during a volcanic eruption: </em>

<em>• Acid rain if the [H +] is 1.9 x 10-5 </em>

<em>• Sulfurous acid if [H +] = 0.10 </em>

<em>• Nitric acid if [H +] = 0.11</em>

<em />

<h3>Further explanation  </h3>

pH is the degree of acidity of a solution that depends on the concentration of H⁺ ions. The greater the value the more acidic the solution and the smaller the pH.  

pH = - log [H⁺]  

  • pH acid rain

\tt pH=-log[1.9\times 10^{-5}]\\\\pH=5-log1.9\\\\pH=4.72

  • pH Sulfurous acid

\tt pH=-log[10^{-1}]\\\\pH=1

  • pH Nitric acid

\tt pH=-log[11\times 10^{-2}]\\\\pH=2-log~11=0.959

8 0
2 years ago
Would you expect the wavelength of maximum absorbance for [Cu(NH3)4]2+ to be greater than or less than the wavelength of maximum
DENIUS [597]

Answer:

Less

Explanation:

Since [Cu(NH3)4]2+ and [Cu(H2O)6]2+ are Octahedral Complexes the transitions between d-levels explain the majority of the absorbances seen in those chemical compounds. The difference in energy between d-levels is known as ΔOh (ligand-field splitting parameter) and it depends on several factors:

  • The nature of the ligand: A spectrochemical series is a list of ligands ordered on ligand strength. With a higher strength the ΔOh will be higher and thus it requires a higher energy light to make the transition.
  • The oxidation state of the metal: Higher oxidation states will strength the ΔOh because of the higher electrostatic attraction between the metal and the ligand

A partial spectrochemical series listing of ligands from small Δ to large Δ:

I− < Br− < S2− < Cl− < N3− < F−< NCO− < OH− < C2O42− < H2O < CH3CN < NH3 < NO2− < PPh3 < CN− < CO

Then NH3 makes the ΔOh higher and it requires a higher energy light to make the transition, which means a shorter wavelength.

7 0
3 years ago
Suppose you have just added 100 ml of a solution containing 0.5 mol of acetic acid per liter to 400 ml of 0.5 m naoh. what is th
Tpy6a [65]

pH = 13.5

Explanation:

Sodium hydroxide completely ionizes in water to produce sodium ions and hydroxide ions. Hydroxide ions are in excess and neutralize all acetic acid added by the following ionic equation:

\text{HAc} + \text{OH}^{-} \to \text{Ac}^{-} + \text{H}_2\text{O}

The mixture would contain

  • 0.4 \times 0.5 - 0.1 \times 0.5 = 0.15 \; \text{mol} of \text{OH}^{-} and
  • 0.1 \times 0.5 = 0.05 \; \text{mol} of \text{Ac}^{-}

if \text{Ac}^{-} undergoes no hydrolysis; the solution is of volume 0.1 + 0.4 = 0.5 \; \text{L} after the mixing. The two species would thus be of concentration 0.30 \; \text{mol} \cdot \text{L}^{-1} and 0.10 \; \text{mol} \cdot \text{L}^{-1}, respectively.

Construct a RICE table for the hydrolysis of \text{Ac}^{-} under a basic aqueous environment (with a negligible hydronium concentration.)

\begin{array}{cccccccc} \text{R} & \text{Ac}^{-}(aq) &+ & \text{H}_2\text{O}(aq) & \leftrightharpoons & \text{HAc}(aq) & + & \text{OH}^{-} (aq)\\ \text{I} & 0.10 \; \text{M} & & & & & &0.30 \; \text{M}\\ \text{C} & -x \; \text{M}& & & & +x \; \text{M}& & +x \; \text{M} \\ \text{E} & (0.10 - x) \; \text{M} & & & & x \; \text{M} & & (0.30 +x) \; \text{M} \end{array}

The question supplied the <em>acid</em> dissociation constant pK_afor acetic acid \text{HAc}; however, calculating the hydrolysis equilibrium taking place in this basic mixture requires the <em>base</em> dissociation constant pK_b for its conjugate base, \text{Ac}^{-}. The following relationship relates the two quantities:

pK_{b} (\text{Ac}^{-}) = pK_{w} - pK_{a}( \text{HAc})

... where the water self-ionization constant pK_w \approx 14 under standard conditions. Thus pK_{b} (\text{Ac}^{-}) = 14 - 4.7 = 9.3. By the definition of pK_b:

[\text{HAc} (aq)] \cdot [\text{OH}^{-} (aq)] / [\text{Ac}^{-} (aq) ] = K_b =  10^{-pK_{b}}

x \cdot (0.3 + x) / (0.1 - x) = 10^{-9.3}

x = 1.67 \times 10^{-10} \; \text{M} \approx 0 \; \text{M}

[\text{OH}^{-}] = 0.30 +x \approx 0.30 \; \text{M}

pH = pK_{w} - pOH = 14 + \text{log}_{10}[\text{OH}^{-}] = 14 + \text{log}_{10}{0.30} = 13.5

6 0
3 years ago
The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are ________.
AveGali [126]

An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated or divided into simpler substances by any method (physical or chemical). The four common elements in all the living organisms are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen.

Thus, the four elements that make up about 96 % of body matter are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen (c).

4 0
3 years ago
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