This is called a<em> standing wave</em> since the waves don't move ALONG the rope. They just kind of stand in one place on the rope. if you just whip a long rope that's not tied to anything, you see the wave move along the rope, this is a TRANSVERSE wave. When you crack a qhip you send a transverse wave down the whip which concentrates in the tip, accelerating the tip to faster than the speed of sound resulting in a tiny sonic boom or "whip crack".
Speed of sound in cold air, speed of sound in warm air, speed of sound in steel speed of sound in water, and speed of sound in hot molten lead