Plant trees around the perimeter of his fields
You're talking about a grain of sand or a stone or a rock that's drifting in space, and then the Earth happens to get in the way, so the stone falls down to Earth, and it makes a bright streak of light while it's falling through the atmosphere and burning up from the friction.
-- While it's drifting in space, it's a <em>meteoroid</em>.
-- While it's falling through the atmosphere burning up and making a bright streak of light, it's a <em>meteor</em>.
-- If it doesn't completely burn up and there's some of it left to fall on the ground, then the leftover piece on the ground is a <em>meteorite</em>.
Answer: The major challenges are as
1) understanding of the plasma: Plasma is a soup like mixture of subatomic particles of different atoms nuclei and electrons that are shattered apart by the temperature at which plasma is formed. further research is needed to understand the behavior of plasma so that it can be put to a proper use.
2) Confinement of plasma: Once we get the plasma we need to hold it so that we can obtain heat from it to drive a steam turbine but the sheer temperature of plasma is in millions of Celsius thus currently making it impossible to confine conventionally. Scientists use a loop of electric and magnetic fields to keep it in circulatory like manner so that it can be studied.
3) finally to obtain electricity from the plasma it should be stable to produce electricity. But currently to obtain pressure, temperature so that we have a sustained supply is highly difficult in technical and economical aspects.
Inertial confinement: In order to get the nuclei of atoms close enough for fusion this type of method used compression of the nuclei into highly small volumes.This is accomplished by use of lasers which are directed towards the fuel pellets that implode and travel towards other nuclei making fusion possible. It's main advantage is that it requires lesser time to initiate fusion but the disadvantage being that a large power is used to fire the lasers and the lasers should all hit the small target.
Magnetic Confinement: In this method we use a magnetic and electric fields in a properly designed space to keep the plasma in motion. In motion the nuclei of the atoms come close enough to initiate fusion.It's advantage being less power is required to start the process as compared to inertial confinement and the disadvantage being that plasma confinement is currently not properly understood.
Answer:
Please see below as the answers are self-explanatory
Explanation:
a)
- A electric field line is an imaginary line, which has the property that the electric field vector is tangent to it at any point. It starts from positive charges (since the electric field by convention it has the direction of the trajectory that would take a positive test charge, so it always goes away from positive charges) and ends in negative charges.
b)
- Since the potential difference between two points represents the work per unit charge needed for a charge to move between these points, a equipotential surface is the one over which it is not needed to do work to move a charge from any point on the surface to any other point, which means that all points are at the same potential.
c)
- Equipotential surfaces are not necessarily physical surfaces, they can be defined in vaccum for instance.
- As an example, any spherical surface concentric with a point charge, is an equipotential surface, and it can be a real surface or a fictitious one.
