Williamson synthesis is the most common way for obtaining ethers, called after its developer Alexander Williamson. It is an organic reaction of forming ethers from an organohalide and an alkoxide. The reaction is carried out according to the SN2 mechanism.
On the attached picture it is shown required alkoxide ion, <span>alkyl(aryl)bromide and the ether that forms from the reactants. </span>
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
In this case, let's see both molecules per separate:
In the case of SeO₂ the central atom would be the Se. The Se has oxidation states of 2+, and 4+. In this molecule it's working with the 4+, while oxygen is working with the 2- state. Now, how do we know that Se is working with that state?, simply, let's do an equation for it. We know that this molecule has a formal charge of 0, so:
Se = x
O = -2
x + (-2)*2 = 0
x - 4 = 0
x = +4.
Therefore, Selenium is working with +4 state, the only way to bond this molecule is with a covalent bond, and in the case of the oxygen will be with double bond. See picture below.
In the case of CO₂ happens something similar. Carbon is working with +4 state, so in order to stabilize the charges, it has to be bonded with double bonds with both oxygens. The picture below shows.
Answer:
The water potential of a solution of 0.15 M sucrose solution is -3.406 bar.
Explanation:
Water potential = Pressure potential + solute potential
We have :
C = 0.15 M, T = 273.15 K
i = 1
The water potential of a solution of 0.15 m sucrose= 
(At standard temperature)
The water potential of a solution of 0.15 M sucrose solution is -3.406 bar.
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