Sharing of 4 electrons between two atoms results in two double bonds. This can be see in the case of oxygen molecule (O2)
Atomic number of O = 8
Electron configuration of O = 1s²2s²2p⁴
Valence electron configuration: 2s²2p⁴
When 2 O atoms combine they share 4 electrons to form 2 double bonds. In addition, there are two lone pairs on each O atom.
Structural formula: O=O
Given what we know, we can confirm that the tensional force of a system can in theory be changed without diminishing its force through the use of an ideal pulley.
<h3>What is an ideal pulley?</h3>
- A pulley is a small wheel through which a string or chain is run.
- These are used in order to change the direction of a force.
- An ideal pulley would be one in which there is no friction and the pulley itself would have no mass.
- Therefore, the force would be able to change directions without giving part of its force to the pulley system.
Therefore, we can confirm that the only known way to change the direction of a force without diminishing its value would be through the use of a frictionless and massless pulley system otherwise known as an ideal pulley.
To learn more about Friction visit:
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Answer:
Limewater can be used to detect carbon dioxide. If carbon dioxide is bubbled through limewater then it turns from clear to cloudy/milky in colour. This is why limewater used in a simple respirometer can show that more carbon dioxide is present in exhaled air compared to inhaled air.
Explanation:
a) El Niño is defined as an abnormal weather pattern caused by the warming of the Pacific Ocean near the equator, off the coast of South America. The sun warms the water near the equator, which can make more clouds and, therefore, more rain. It has detrimental effects on biodiversity leading to its large-scale loss by
warmer sea temperatures leading to plankton and fish kills in coastal waters
lower sea levels leading to exposure of underwater coral reefs, causing their loss.
