Ai. A is called nucleus
Aii. B is called electron shell
B. The name of the element is Neon and the symbol of the element is Ne.
Ci. The atomic mass of the element is 20.
Cii. The atomic number of the element is 10
Di. The element belongs to group 18.
Dii. The element belongs to period 2.
E. The element has a valency of 8
A. Determination of the name of A and B
In the diagram given above, A is called the nucleus because it contains the neutrons and the protons of the atom.
B is called the electron shell because it contains the electrons of the atoms
B. Determination of the name and symbol of the element.
From the diagram given above,
The element has 10 protons. This simply means that the atomic number of the element is 10.
Comparing the atomic number of the element with those in the periodic table, the element is Neon with a symbol of Ne.
C. Determination of the atomic mass and atomic number.
Ci. Determination of the mass number
Proton = 10
Neutron = 10
<h3>Mass number =?</h3>
Mass number = Proton + Neutron
Mass number = 10 + 10
<h3>Mass number = 20</h3>
Thus, the atomic mass of the element is 20.
Cii. Determination of the atomic number.
The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons in the atom of the element.
Proton = 10
Therefore,
Atomic number = proton = 10
Thus, the atomic number of the element is 10
D. Determination of the group and period.
Di. The group to which an element belongs to can be obtained by simply calculating the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom.
From the diagram given above, the outermost shell has 8 electrons. This suggest that the element has completely filled outermost shell.
Therefore, the element belongs to group 18 (i.e the noble gas)
Dii. The number of electron shell talks about the period to which and element belongs to.
From the diagram given above, the element has 2 electron shells.
Therefore, the element belongs to period 2
E. Determination of the valence electron(s)
The valence electron(s) is the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom.
From the diagram given above,
The outermost shell has 8 electrons.
Therefore, the element has 8 valence electrons
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