first calculate the partial derivatives of the two fromulas for each measured variable. Then you calculate the sum of the products of the errors (Dr, DR, and dh) with the squared corresponding partial derivative.and or the deviation
Example for the length of the mantle:
dm/dR = (R-r)/root(w)
dm/dr = -(R-r)/root(w)
dm/dh = h/root(w)
where w = (R-r)²+h². The squared derivatives are
(dm/dR)² = (R-r)²/w
When it comes to statistics and probability theory, standard deviation is used. It demonstrates the accuracy of your data and is used to measure both variability and diversity.
Standard deviation is calculated by taking the square root of the variance. In contrast to a high standard deviation, which indicates that the entered data points are most likely farther from the mean, a low standard deviation indicates that the entered data points are most likely closer to the mean
to learn more about deviation:
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The speed of bullet =
850 m/s
Distance given = 1 km = 1000m
S = D/t
t • S = D/t • t
St = D
St/S = D/S
t = D/S
t = 1000m/850m/s
t = 1.176 s
It will take the bullet 1.176 or about 1.18 seconds to go 1 km.
The net force of the object is equal to the force applied minus the force of friction.
Fnet = ma = F - Ff
12 kg x 0.2 m/s² = 15 N - Ff
The value of Ff is 12.6 N. This force is equal to the product of the normal force which is equal to the weight in horizontal surface and the coefficient of friction.
Ff = 12.6 N = k(12 kg)(9.81 m/s²)
The value of k is equal to 0.107.
None of the choices is an appropriate response.
There's no such thing as the temperature of a molecule. Temperature and
pressure are both outside-world manifestations of the energy the molecules
have. But on the molecular level, what it is is the kinetic energy with which
they're all scurrying around.
When the fuel/air mixture is compressed during the compression stroke,
the temperature is raised to the flash point of the mixture. The work done
during the compression pumps energy into the molecules, their kinetic
energy increases, and they begin scurrying around fast enough so that
when they collide, they're able to stick together, form a new molecule,
and release some of their kinetic energy in the form of heat.
