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3 years ago

A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration?

Physics

1 answer:

iren2701 [21]3 years ago

6 0

Newton's 2nd law:

Fnet = ma

Fnet is the net force acting on an object, m is the object's mass, and a is the acceleration.

The electric force on a charged object is given by

Fe = Eq

Fe is the electric force, E is the electric field at the point where the object is, and q is the object's charge.

We can assume, if the only force acting on the proton and electron is the electric force due to the electric field, that for both particles, Fnet = Fe

Fe = Eq

Eq = ma

a = Eq/m

We will also assume that the electric field acting on the proton and electron are the same. The proton and electron also have the same magnitude of charge (1.6×10⁻¹⁹C). What makes the difference in their acceleration is their masses. A quick Google search will provide the following values:

mass of proton = 1.67×10⁻²⁷kg

mass of electron = 9.11×10⁻³¹kg

The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass, so the electron will experience a greater acceleration than the proton.

You might be interested in

The maximum distance from the Earth to the Sun (at aphelion) is 1.521 1011 m, and the distance of closest approach (at perihelio

LUCKY_DIMON [66]

Answer:

29274.93096 m/s

$2.73966\times 10^{33}\ J$

$-5.39323\times 10^{33}\ J$

$2.56249\times 10^{33}\ J$

$-5.21594\times 10^{33}$

Explanation:

$r_p$ = Distance at perihelion = $1.471\times 10^{11}\ m$

$r_a$ = Distance at aphelion = $1.521\times 10^{11}\ m$

$v_p$ = Velocity at perihelion = $3.027\times 10^{4}\ m/s$

$v_a$ = Velocity at aphelion

m = Mass of the Earth = 5.98 × 10²⁴ kg

M = Mass of Sun = $1.9889\times 10^{30}\ kg$

Here, the angular momentum is conserved

$L_p=L_a\\\Rightarrow r_pv_p=r_av_a\\\Rightarrow v_a=\frac{r_pv_p}{r_a}\\\Rightarrow v_a=\frac{1.471\times 10^{11}\times 3.027\times 10^{4}}{1.521\times 10^{11}}\\\Rightarrow v_a=29274.93096\ m/s$

Earth's orbital speed at aphelion is 29274.93096 m/s

Kinetic energy is given by

$K=\frac{1}{2}mv_p^2\\\Rightarrow K=\frac{1}{2}\times 5.98\times 10^{24}(3.027\times 10^{4})^2\\\Rightarrow K=2.73966\times 10^{33}\ J$

Kinetic energy at perihelion is $2.73966\times 10^{33}\ J$

Potential energy is given by

$P=-\frac{GMm}{r_p}\\\Rightarrow P=-\frac{6.67\times 10^{-11}\times 1.989\times 10^{30}\times 5.98\times 10^{24}}{1.471\times 10^{11}}\\\Rightarrow P=-5.39323\times 10^{33}$

Potential energy at perihelion is $-5.39323\times 10^{33}\ J$

$K=\frac{1}{2}mv_a^2\\\Rightarrow K=\frac{1}{2}\times 5.98\times 10^{24}(29274.93096)^2\\\Rightarrow K=2.56249\times 10^{33}\ J$

Kinetic energy at aphelion is $2.56249\times 10^{33}\ J$

Potential energy is given by

$P=-\frac{GMm}{r_a}\\\Rightarrow P=-\frac{6.67\times 10^{-11}\times 1.989\times 10^{30}\times 5.98\times 10^{24}}{1.521\times 10^{11}}\\\Rightarrow P=-5.21594\times 10^{33}$

Potential energy at aphelion is $-5.21594\times 10^{33}\ J$

6 0

3 years ago

A girl and boy pull in opposite directions on a stuffed animal. The girl exerts a force of 3.5 N. The mass of the stuffed animal

Dmitry [639]

The resultant force on the animal = Resultant mass * total acceleration
F = 0.2 * 2.5 to the right
F = 0.5 to the right.

As, girl exerting a force of 3.5 N & it's not mentioned that she is in right or left, so the force exerting by boy would be either:
3.5-0.5 = 3 OR 3.5+0.5 = 4

If boy exerting a greater force then, answer will be 4 N & if girl exerting a greater force the, answer will be 3 N

Hope this helps!

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

I will mark you as brainliest if you answer correctly

aleksklad [387]

(A) We can solve the problem by using Ohm's law, which states:
$V=IR$
where
V is the potential difference across the electrical device
I is the current through the device
R is its resistance
For the heater coil in the problem, we know $V=220 V$ and $R=220 \Omega$ , therefore we can rearrange Ohm's law to find the current through the device:
$I= \frac{V}{R}= \frac{220 V}{220 \Omega}=1 A$

(B) The resistance of a conductive wire depends on three factors. In fact, it is given by:
$R= \rho \frac{L}{A}$
where
$\rho$ is the resistivity of the material of the wire
L is the length of the wire
A is the cross-sectional area of the wire
Basically, we see that the longer the wire, the larger its resistance; and the larger the section of the wire, the smaller its resistance.

6 0

3 years ago

An unknown immiscible liquid seeps into the bottom of an open oil tank. Some measurements indicate that the depth of the unknown

ira [324]

Answer:

The specific gravity of the unkown liquid is 15.

Explanation:

Gauge pressure, at the bottom of the tank in this case, can be calculated from

$P_{bot}=\gamma_{oil}h_1 + \gamma_{unk}h_2,$