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Stella [2.4K]
3 years ago
11

Succinic acid is a substance produced by lichens. Chemical analysis indicates it is composed of 40.68% C, 5.08% H, and 54.24% O.

Determine the empirical formula.
Chemistry
1 answer:
zimovet [89]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:  

C₂H₃O₂

Explanation:  

Assume that you have 100 g of the compound.  

Then you have 40.68 g C, 5.08 g H, and 54.24 g O.  

1. Calculate the <em>moles of each element</em>.

Moles of C  = 40.68 × 1/12.01   = 3.387 mol C

Moles of H =    5.08 × 1/1.008   = 5.010 mol H

Moles of O = 54.24 × 1/16.000 = 3.390 mol O

===============

2. Calculate the <em>molar ratios</em>.  

Divide all values by the smallest number.

C:  3.387/3.387 = 1

H: 5.010/3.387 = 1.479

O: 3.390/3.387 = 1.001

===============

3. <em>Multiply each ratio by 2 </em>

C:  2 × 1       = 2

H: 2 × 1.479 = 2.958

O: 2 × 1.001 = 2.002

===============

4. Determine <em>the empirical formula</em>

Round off all numbers to the closest integer.  

C: 2

H: 3

O: 2

The empirical formula is C₂H₃O₂.  

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