Answer:
electron-electron repulsion
Explanation:
When electrons add into valence shell of neutral elements, the element assumes a negative oxidation state. With this, the number of electrons having (-) charges will be larger than the number of protons having positive (+) charges. As a result, the extra electrons repel one another (i.e., like charges repel) and a larger radius is the result.
In contrast, when cations are formed, electrons are removed from the valence level (oxidation) producing an element having a greater number of protons than electrons. The larger number of protons will function to attract the electron cloud with a greater force that results in a contraction of atomic radius and a smaller spherical volume than the neutral unionized element.
To visualize, see attached chart that shows atomic and ionic radii before and after ionization of the elements.
Answer: B
Nitrifying bacterium, plural Nitrifying Bacteria, any of a small group of aerobic bacteria (family Nitrobacteraceae) that use inorganic chemicals as an energy source.
<u>Answer:</u> The new pressure will be 101.46 kPa.
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the new pressure, we use the equation given by Gay-Lussac Law. This law states that pressure is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant volume.
The equation given by this law is:
where,
are initial pressure and temperature.
are final pressure and temperature.
We are given:
By using conversion factor: 
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the new pressure will be 101.46 kPa.
