Answer:
c. can have a large cumulative effect
Explanation:
Noncovalent interactions between molecules are weaker than covalent interactions. Noncovalent interactions between molecules are of various types which include van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions or ionic bonding.
van der Waals forces are weak interactions found in all molecules. They include dipole-dipole interactions - formed due to the differences in the electronegativity of atoms - and the London dispersion forces.
Hydrogen Bonds results when electrons are shared between hydrogen and a strongly electronegative atoms like fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen. The hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge while the electronegative atom acquires a partial negative. This results in attraction between hydrogen and neighboring electronegative molecules.
Ionic bonds result due to the attraction between groups with opposite electrical charges, for example in common salt between sodium and chloride ions.
Even though these noncovalent interactions are weak, cumulatively, they exert strong effect. For example, the high boiling point of water and the crystal structure of ice are due to hydrogen bonding.
I don't know what the problem is, but here are some rues to help you out:
- All non-zero figures are significant
- When a zero falls between non-zero digits, that zero is significant.
- When a zero falls after a decimal point, that zero is significant.
- When multiplying and dividing significant figures, the answer is limited to the number of sig figs equal to the least number of sig figs in the problem.
- When adding and subtracting, the answer is limited to the number of decimal places in the number with the least number of decimal places.
Increases the volume of water
Explanation:
Freezing of water causes the volume of water to increase by a whooping 4%. This is why the density of water is slightly different that of ice.
When ice freezes it expands and takes up more volume of space for the same mass given.
This is why bottles break when water in them is frozen.
This increase in volume is why ice floats on water. It makes it less dense.
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The following will ensure laboratory safety during an experiment;
1) Using tongs to handle a hot beaker: This prevents direct contact with the hot beaker and avoids burns
5) Turning off the hot plate after use: If the hot plate is left on, it could injure anyone who might touch it accidentally
mol=35:101.11 g/mol=0.346
formula units = 0.346 x 6.02 x 10²³ = 2.082 x 10²³