Answer:
In 1897, the British physicist J. J. Thomson (1856–1940) proved that atoms were not the most basic form of matter. He demonstrated that cathode rays could be deflected, or bent, by magnetic or electric fields, which indicated that cathode rays consist of charged particles (Figure 2.2.2 ). More important, by measuring the extent of the deflection of the cathode rays in magnetic or electric fields of various strengths, Thomson was able to calculate the mass-to-charge ratio of the particles. These particles were emitted by the negatively charged cathode and repelled by the negative terminal of an electric field. Because like charges repel each other and opposite charges attract, Thomson concluded that the particles had a net negative charge; these particles are now called electrons. Most relevant to the field of chemistry, Thomson found that the mass-to-charge ratio of cathode rays is independent of the nature of the metal electrodes or the gas, which suggested that electrons were fundamental components of all atoms.
Explanation:
<h2>Answer:</h2>
Arrangement of inter molecular forces from strongest to weakest.
- Hydrogen bonding
- Dipole-dipole interactions
- London dispersion forces.
<h3>Explanation:</h3>
Intermolecular forces are defined as the attractive forces between two molecules due to some polar sides of molecules. They can be between nonpolar molecules.
Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole dipole interaction between the positive charge hydrogen ion and the slightly negative pole of a molecule. For example H---O bonding between water molecules.
Dipole dipole interactions are also attractive interactions between the slightly positive head of one molecule and the negative pole of other molecules.
But they are weaker than hydrogen bonding.
London dispersion forces are temporary interactions caused due to electronic dispersion in atoms of two molecules placed together. They are usually in nonpolar molecules like F2, I2. they are weakest interactions.
It teacts with OH and makes water and salt
Answer:
2. Behavioral Adaption
Explanation:
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