The atomic number of calcium is 20 which means it has 20 protons and as an atom (not an ion) it also has 20 electrons. These are in four energy levels (1 though 4) .
Answer:
Explanation:
Formal charge of ICl₂⁻
Formal charge = group no - ( no of non bonding electrons +no of bonds)
In I there are 7 electrons in outermost orbit . If we add one more electrons due to - ve charge on the ion , it becomes eight . This centrally placed iodine forms two single bond with two chlorine atoms on either side.
Each of chlorine atoms also contains 7 valance electrons like iodine.
So formal charge of chlorine
= group no - ( no of non bonding electrons +no of bonds)
= 7 - ( 6 + 1 )
= 0
So formal charge of iodine
= group no - ( no of non bonding electrons +no of bonds)
= 7 - ( 5 + 2 )
=0
Formal charge of ICl₂⁺
In this case , central iodine will have only 6 valence electrons due to absence one electron.
So formal charge of chlorine in ICl₂⁺
= group no - ( no of non bonding electrons +no of bonds)
= 7 - ( 6 + 1 )
= 0
formal charge of iodine in in ICl₂⁺
7 - ( 4 + 2)
= 1
Answer:
Electrons occupy orbitals with the lowest energy first.
Explanation:
The Aufbau Principle states that electrons will fill the atomic orbitals with the lowest energy levels first, before occupying others with higher energy levels.
For example, electrons will fill the 1s orbital before filling the 2s orbital.
Mole fraction is the ratio of the constituent moles to the total constituents. The mole fraction of sodium chloride is 0.0443.
<h3>What is a mole fraction?</h3>
A mole fraction is the proportion of the moles of the component in a total component present.
In 100 gm of solution 13.0 5 means, there is 13.0 gm of sodium chloride present. The mass of water is calculated as,
100 - 13.0 = 87.0 gm
Moles of sodium chloride is calculated as:
Moles of water are calculated as:
Now, moles fraction is calculated by dividing moles of sodium chloride by total moles as,
Therefore, the mole fraction of sodium chloride is 0.0443.
Learn more about mole fraction here:
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