1. Through mitosis, Parental cell divide into two daughter cells with same number of chromosomes.
While meiosis produce 4 daughter cell from a single cell with half the number of chromosomes as compared to parental cell.
2.Meiosis have two cycles , i) meiosis I and ii) meiosis II.
3. In meiosis I, chromosomes first go replication and become double, then cell inter into meiosis I then into meiosis II and finally produce four haploid daughter cells. It is the first step (meiosis I) that generates genetic diversity. During prophase I of meiosis I (meiosis) homologous chromosomes pair and form synapses, a special step of meiosis, which is the main reason of causing diversity.
4. There is crossing over which produce genetic diversity between gametes.
Mitosis is one round replication and one round division, here genetic recombination is absent hence daughter cells are identical to parental cell
It includes two divisions: karyokinesis and cytokinesis
Karyokinesis includes separation of sister chromatids from a replicated chromosome and includes four sequential sub-phases: prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase
Prophase includes three major events: compaction of chromosome,assembly of mitotic spindle apparatus and disappearance of nuclear envelope
Metaphase occurs when all chromosomes are arranged at metaphase plate
Anaphase includes two major events: separation of two sister chromatids and movement of sister chromatids towards their respective poles
Telophase includes aggregation of two sets of chromosomes near the respective poles
Telophase is followed by cytokinesis where cytoplasm is divided into two which results in the generation of two daughter cells
Meiosis I
Meiosis I is the long phase where number of chromosomes is reduced and just becomes half
Separation of homologous chromosomes occur
Genetic recombination also occurs in meiosis I
Also completed in four sequential phases: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I
Meiosis II
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis
Also includes 4 phases: prophase II,metaphase II, anaphase II, telophase II
Separation of sister chromatids occur in Anaphase II
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because it separates the chromosomes to have sister chromatids in each cell
In both these process, chromosome are separated and cell divides to make two cells out of one
The key difference is that in meiosis,two cells are divided to get four cells
Meiosis I helps to get genetically unique chromosomes,crossing over occurs and at the end of division one parent cell produces two daughter cells each carrying one set of sister chromatids whereas mitosis is used to make body cells occurring in body
The cells specialization is what give the cell the ability to survive amongst other cells, without it the cell would not be able to survive. This is a cells means of survival.
In eukaryotic nuclei, DNA and proteins are packaged into organized cellular structures known as Chromosomes. Genetic material is housed in the nucleus where is it tightly packed into linear chromosomes. Chromosomes consist of a complex of DNA and protein which is known as chromatin. Chromatins are organized into subunits called nucleosomes
The enzyme you will be studying in this experiment is lactase, and the reaction it catalyzes is the hydrolysis of the disaccharide lactose into the monosaccharides galactose and glucose.
