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antoniya [11.8K]
3 years ago
15

What is the relationship between the Kuiper Belt and the status of Pluto today?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Xelga [282]3 years ago
4 0

Pluto is a dwarf planet, but one of the largest known members, in the Kuiper belt.

The Kuiper Belt extends between 30 AU and 55 AU from the Sun

(1 AU = 1.5 × 10^8 km = distance from Earth to Sun).

Pluto's orbit is highly elliptical. It ranges from 30 AU to 50 AU. When Pluto is closest to the Sun, it is inside the orbit of Neptune (30 AU).

Astronomers class Pluto as a <em>resonant Kuiper belt object</em> (KBO). Because it gets so close to Neptune, its orbit is in <em>resonance</em> with that of Neptune. Pluto makes two orbits for every three of Neptune.

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(a) What is the basis of the approximation that avoids using the quadratic formula to find an equilibrium concentration?
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The approximation is valid because  is very small.

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Since

0.85 M        0    0

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x = 0.0000229

So based on this, the above concentration should be determined.

Now you will solve using the quadratic formula instead of iterations, to show that the same value of x is obtained either way. using the quadratic equation to calculate [h3o+] in 0.00250 m hno2, what are the values of a, b, c and x , where a, b, and c are the coefficients in the quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0, and x is [h3o+]? recall that ka=4.5×10−4 .

a: 1

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c: 1.125x10⁻⁶

[H₃O⁺] = 0.000859M

As HNO₂ is a weak acid, its equilibrium in water is:

HNO₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ H₃O⁺(aq) + NO₂⁻(aq)

Equilibrium constant, ka, is defined as:

ka = 4.5x10⁻⁴ = [H₃O⁺] [NO₂⁻] / [HNO₂] (1)

Equilibrium concentration of each specie are:

[HNO₂] = 0.00250M - x

[H₃O⁺] = x

[NO₂⁻] = x

Replacing in (1):

4.5x10⁻⁴ = x × x / 0.00250M - x

1.125x10⁻⁶ - 4.5x10⁻⁴x = x²

0 = x² + 4.5x10⁻⁴x - 1.125x10⁻⁶

As the quadratic equation is ax² + bx + c = 0

Coefficients are:

a: 1

b: 4.5x10⁻⁴

c: 1.125x10⁻⁶

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x = -0.0013 → False answer, there is no negative concentrations.

x = 0.000859

As [H₃O⁺] = x; [H₃O⁺] = 0.000859M

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D. a change in color of a substance

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<h3>What is IUPAC nomenclature?</h3>

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