An atom is the most __________ unit of living and nonliving things.
2 answers:
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The gravitational force between <em>m₁</em> and <em>m₂</em> has magnitude
while the gravitational force between <em>m₁</em> and <em>m₃</em> has magnitude
where <em>x</em> is measured in m.
The mass <em>m₁</em> is attracted to <em>m₂</em> in one direction, and attracted to <em>m₃</em> in the opposite direction such that <em>m₁</em> in equilibrium. So by Newton's second law, we have
Solve for <em>x</em> :
The solution with the negative square root is negative, so we throw it out. The other is the one we want,
1) 12 cm
2) 3 N
Explanation:
1)
The relationship between force and elongation in a spring is given by Hooke's law:
where
F is the force applied
k is the spring constant
x is the elongation
For the spring in this problem, at the beginning we have:
So the spring constant is
Later, the force is tripled, so the new force is
Therefore, the new elongation is
2)
In this second problem, we know that the elongation of the spring now is
From part a), we know that the spring constant is
Therefore, we can use the following equation to find the force:
And substituting k and x, we find:
So, the force to produce an elongation of 6 cm must be 3 N.