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Answer:
1 ) Δs ( entropy change for hot block ) = - Q / th ( -ve shows heat lost to cold block )
Δs ( entropy change for cold block ) = Q / tc
∴ Total Δs = ΔSc + ΔSh
= Q/tc - Q/th
2) ΔSdecomposition = Δh / Temp = ( 181.6 * 10^3 / 773 ) = 234.928 J/k
Explanation:
<u>1) To show that heat flows spontaneously from high temperature to low temperature </u>
example :
Pick two(2) solid metal blocks with varying temperatures ( i.e. one solid block is hot and the other solid block is cold )
Place both blocks for time (t ) in an insulated system to reduce heat loss or gain to or from the environment
Check the temperature of both blocks after time ( t ) it will be observed that both blocks will have same temperature after time t ( first law of thermodynamics )
Δs ( entropy change for hot block ) = - Q / th ( -ve shows heat lost to cold block )
Δs ( entropy change for cold block ) = Q / tc
∴ Total Δs = ΔSc + ΔSh
= Q/tc - Q/th
<u>2) Entropy change for Decomposition of mercuric oxide </u>
2HgO (s) → 2Hg(l) + O₂ (g)
Δs = positive
there is transition from solid to liquid and the melting point of mercury ( the point at which reaction will take place ) = 500⁰C
hence ΔSdecomposition = S⁻ Hg - S⁻ HgO =
Δh of reaction = 181.6 KJ
Temp = 500 + 273 = 773 k
hence ΔSdecomposition = Δh / Temp = ( 181.6 * 10^3 / 773 ) = 234.928 J/k
Answer: See description
Explanation:
Kepler's laws have three principal points:
1. planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths
2. the orbial period is related to the orbital distance by
where T is the orbital period and d is the orbital distance, T is in years and d is measured in units of the earth sun distance.
3. planets closer to the sun move faster than planets far away from it.
Newton:
Newton discovered that there is a consequence to the gravity exerted by objects: mass, the heavier the planet, the more gravitational force it posseses ( thats why we orbit the sun)
with the gravitational force newton discovered the inverse-quadratic relationship between the distance of the planets and the acceleration exerted by the force one could exert on another.
Kepler's laws were mostly based on observed evidence with quantitative relationships between the mentioned variables. Newton's laws are based on calculus and symbolic equations. While Kepler's mode is basic, Newton took another step in and build a more general model for gravity (which was improved by general relativity later). In a nutshell Newton proved the scientific causes for Kepler's laws...