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3 years ago

Describe the formation of a hydrogen bond and explain how it differs from a covalent or ionic bond

Chemistry

1 answer:

vlada-n [284]3 years ago

3 0

Answers:

Hydrogen bond is formed when positive end of one molecule attracted negative end of other molecule. The concept is similar to magnetic attraction where opposite poles attract each other.

Explanation:

While understanding hydrogen bond, two terms are important, one is electronegativity (tendency of atoms to attract electrons towards itself) and other is dipole (separation of positive and negative charge in a molecule). Hydrogen bond is always formed between hydrogen atom and other atoms having electronegativity different than hydrogen.

Differ from Ionic and Covalent Bonds:

Hydrogen bond is weaker than ionic and covalent bond. Ionic and covalent bonds are intramolecular (within the molecule) whereas hydrogen bond is intermolecular (between molecules).

Example:

Formation of hydrogen bonding in water.

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Consider the reaction N2(g) + 2O2(g)2NO2(g) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K, calculate the entropy change for the surr

zysi [14]

<u>Answer:</u> The value of $\Delta S^o$ for the surrounding when given amount of nitrogen gas is reacted is 231.36 J/K

<u>Explanation:</u>

Entropy change is defined as the difference in entropy of all the product and the reactants each multiplied with their respective number of moles.

The equation used to calculate entropy change is of a reaction is:

$\Delta S^o_{rxn}=\sum [n\times \Delta S^o_{(product)}]-\sum [n\times \Delta S^o_{(reactant)}]$

For the given chemical reaction:

$N_2+2O_2\rightarrow 2NO_2$

The equation for the entropy change of the above reaction is:

$\Delta S^o_{rxn}=[(2\times \Delta S^o_{(NO_2(g))})]-[(1\times \Delta S^o_{(N_2(g))})+(2\times \Delta S^o_{(O_2(g))})]$

We are given:

$\Delta S^o_{(NO_2(g))}=240.06J/K.mol\\\Delta S^o_{(O_2)}=205.14J/K.mol\\\Delta S^o_{(N_2)}=191.61J/K.mol$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\Delta S^o_{rxn}=[(2\times (240.06))]-[(1\times (191.61))+(2\times (205.14))]\\\\\Delta S^o_{rxn}=-121.77J/K$

Entropy change of the surrounding = - (Entropy change of the system) = -(-121.77) J/K = 121.77 J/K

We are given:

Moles of nitrogen gas reacted = 1.90 moles

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

When 1 mole of nitrogen gas is reacted, the entropy change of the surrounding will be 121.77 J/K

So, when 1.90 moles of nitrogen gas is reacted, the entropy change of the surrounding will be = $\frac{121.77}{1}\times 1.90=231.36 J/K$

Hence, the value of $\Delta S^o$ for the surrounding when given amount of nitrogen gas is reacted is 231.36 J/K

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3 years ago

Compare the reactivity of magnesium and calcium explain the difference

dem82 [27]

Answer:

Calcium is more reactive than magnesium because calcium atom is larger than magnesium atom and it has one more energy level. ... Thus Ca is more reactive than Mg.

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2 years ago

How do ions form bonds, and describe the structure of the resulting compound.

Artemon [7]

Answer:

Electrons are transferred between atoms together in the ionic compound. The ions are arranged in a regular repeating pattern in an ionic crystal

Explanation:

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2 years ago

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of carbon monoxide with water is 1.845. if 1.00 mol of each reactant is placed in a 2.

SpyIntel [72]

[CO] = 1 mol / 2L = 0.5 M

[
According to the equation:

and by using the ICE table:

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Equ (0.5-X) (0.5-X) X X

when Kc = X^2 * (0.5-X)^2

by substitution:

1.845 = X^2 * (0.5-X)^2 by solving for X

∴X = 0.26

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QveST [7]

Answer:

false

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