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3 years ago

Water molecules tend to stick to one another by _____.

Chemistry

2 answers:

Naddika [18.5K]3 years ago

5 0

Answer: hydrogen bonding

Explanation:

Ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons between metals and non metals.

Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between two non metals.

Hydrogen bond is the bond formed between hydrogen and an electronegative atom such as fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen.

Water molecules are bonded by strong hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atom and the electronegative oxygen atom and thus are bonded by cohesive forces of hydrogen bonds.

ser-zykov [4K]3 years ago

4 0

Each water molecule consists of two atoms of the element hydrogen joined to one atom of the element oxygen. An interesting property of water is the ability of its molecules to “stick together.” This occurs because one side of each water molecule is slightly negative and the other side is slightly positive. The positive portion of a water molecule is attracted to the negative portion of an adjacent water molecule. As a result, water molecules are called polar molecules. They attract other water molecules like little magnets. It is most likely ionic bonding but between hydrogen and oxygen it is covalent.

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Which statement is true of a reversible reaction at equilibrium?

Vedmedyk [2.9K]

Answer:

The concentration of reactants and the concentration of products are constant.

Explanation:

pls mark as brainliest

7 0

3 years ago

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An enclosed vessel contains 2.5g of 9b nitrogen and 13.3g of chlorine at s.T.P. Of What will be the partial pressure of the Il n

kow [346]

Answer:

0.535 atm

Explanation:

Since the volume of the tank is constant, we use Gay- Lussac's law to find the pressure at 180°C.

So, P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂ where P₁ = pressure at S.T.P = 1 atm, T₁ = temperature at S.T.P = 273.15 K, P₂ = pressure of gas at 180 °C and T₂ = 180 °C = 273.15 + 180 K = 453.15 K

So, P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

P₂ = P₁T₂/T₁

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have

P₂ = P₁T₂/T₁

P₂ = 1 atm × 453.15 K/273.15 K

P₂ = 1 atm × 1.66

P₂ = 1.66 atm

We now need to find the total number of moles of each gas present

number of moles of nitrogen = mass of nitrogen, m/molar mass of nitrogen molecule M

n = m/M

m = 2.5 g and M = 2 × atomic mass of nitrogen (since it is diatomic) = 2 × 14 g/mol = 28 g/mol

So, n = 2.5 g/28 g/mol

n = 0.089 mol

number of moles of chlorine, n' = mass of chlorine, m'/molar mass of chlorine molecule M'

n' = m'/M'

m' = 13.3 g and M = 2 × atomic mass of chlorine (since it is diatomic) = 2 × 35.5 g/mol = 71 g/mol

So, n' = 13.3 g/71 g/mol

n' = 0.187 mol

So, the total number of moles of gas present is n" = n + n' = 0.089 mol + 0.187 mol = 0.276 mol

So, the partial pressure due to nitrogen gas, P = mole fraction of nitrogen × pressure of gas at 180 °C

P = n/n" × P₂

P = 0.089 mol/0.276 mol × 1.66 atm

P = 0.322 × 1.66 atm

P = 0.535 atm

8 0

3 years ago

What is the chemical formula of the salt produced by the neutralization of potassium hydroxide with sulfuric acid? A. KSO3 B. K2

Lunna [17]

Answer : The correct option is, (C) $K_2SO_4$

Explanation :

Neutralization reaction : It is a type of chemical reaction in which an acid react with a base to give salt and water as a product that means it reacts to give a neutral solution.

Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.

When potassium hydroxide react with sulfuric acid then it react to give potassium sulfate (salt)and water as a product.

The balanced chemical reaction will be:

$2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O$

The species present on the left side of the right arrow is the reactant and the species present on the right side of the right arrow is the product.

In the balanced chemical reaction,

$KOH$ and $H_2SO_4$ are reactants.

$K_2SO_4$ and $H_2O$ are products.

Hence, the chemical formula of the salt produced by the neutralization of potassium hydroxide with sulfuric acid is, $K_2SO_4$

5 0

3 years ago

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Which bonds are formed when elements share electrons and form molecules?.

Nimfa-mama [501]

Answer:

A covalent bond

Explanation:

the atoms bond by sharing electrons. Covalent bonds usually occur between nonmetals. For example, in water (H2O) each hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) share a pair of electrons to make a molecule of two hydrogen atoms single bonded to a single oxygen atom.

6 0

2 years ago

In general, ionization energies increase across a period from left to right. Explain why the second ionization energy of Cr is h

rodikova [14]

Answer:So this leads to the fact that second ionization energy of chromium is higher as compared to that of Manganese because of the unavailability of electron in the outermost orbital in case of chromium so the second electron has to be removed form the stable half filled 3d orbital which requires more energy. Whereas in case of Manganese there is an electron available in outermost 4s orbital.

Explanation:

Ionization energy is the amount of energy that we require to remove an electron form an isolated gaseous atom.

As we move from left to right across a period electrons are added to the same outermost shell therefore the attraction between the electrons and nucleus increases since more number of negatively charged electron are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This attraction leads to the decrease in atomic radii across a period and increase in ionization energy .

The increase in ionization energy occurs due to the fact that as the attraction between the nucleus and outermost electrons increases so the electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus hence more amount of energy is required to ionize the electron which leads to increase in ionization energy.

The electronic configuration of Cr and Mn are:

Cr:[Ar]3d⁵4S¹

Mn:[Ar]3d⁵4S²

The electronic configuration of Cr and Mn after 1st ionization:

Cr:[Ar]3d⁵4S⁰

Mn:[Ar]3d⁵4S¹

The electronic configuration of Cr and Mn after 2nd ionization:

Cr:[Ar]3d⁴4S⁰

Mn:[Ar]3d⁵4S⁰

As we can see that that 3d orbital of Cr (Chromium) is half filled with 5 electrons in it and 4s orbital of Cr is also half-filled.

So when Cr is ionized for the first time then the electron from the half-filled 4s orbital will be removed .As the 1 electron present in outer most 4s orbital is removed so the 4s orbital now is completely vacant.

Now for the second ionization energy an electron ahs to be removed from half-filled 3d⁵ orbital. Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity states that the fully-filled or half-filled orbitals have maximum stability on account of symmetry and exchange energy.

So half-filled 3d⁵ orbital of Cr is very stable and hence to remove an electron from this would be require a lot of energy and hence the second ionization energy of chromium is higher than that of Manganese.

In case of Mn the 3d orbital is also half -filled as chromium but the 4s orbital contains two electrons. when we remove the first electron from this orbital then also there is 1 electron present in the 4s orbital . So for the second ionization of Mn the only electron left in 4s orbital will be removed as the removal of electron from a 4s orbital is much easier as it requires less amount of energy as compared to removal of a electron from stable half filled 3d orbital.

So this leads to the fact that second ionization energy of chromium is higher as compared to that of Manganese because of the unavailability of electron in the outermost orbital in case of chromium so the second electron has to be removed form the stable half filled 3d orbital which requires more energy. Whereas in case of Manganese there is an electron available in outermost 4s orbital.

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3 years ago