Answer:
Law of conservation of momentum states that "The total momentum of an isolated system always remains constant"
Or
"In an isolated system the total momentum of the interacting bodies remains constant before and after collision or interaction".
Answer: it is due to friction.
Explanation: if you were to push an object that is at rest, there is static friction that you would first need to overcome. An example would be pushing a car as it is in neutral. Pushing it takes more force and work to overcome that friction.
But once it overcomes static, it will then turn to kinetic friction. Once the car starts to move, you notice that it is easier to push. This is due to the fact that kinetic friction would equal normal force times the constant while the static friction is greater than or equal to the normal force times the constant.
Hope this helps!!!
When light crosses the interface between a medium with higher refractive index and a medium with lower refractive index, there is a maximum value of the angle of incidence after which there is no refraction, but all the light is reflected, and this maximum value is called critical angle.
The critical angle is given by

where n1 is the refractive index of the first medium while n2 is the refractive index of the second medium. In our problem, n1=1.33 and n2=1.58, so the critical angle is