1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
kati45 [8]
3 years ago
9

A common way of measuring the thermal conductivity of a material is to sandwich an electric thermofoil heater between two identi

cal samples of the material. The thickness of the resistance heater, including its cover, which is made of thin silicon rubber, is usually less than 0.5 mm. A circulating fluid such as tap water keeps the exposed ends of the samples at constant temperature. The lateral surfaces of the samples are well insulated to ensure that heat transfer through the samples is one- dimensional. Two thermocouples are embedded in each sample some distance (L) apart, and a differential thermometer reads the temperature drop (Delta T) across this distance along each sample. When steady-state operating conditions are reached, the total rate of heat transfer through both samples becomes equal to the electric power drawn by the heater, which is determined by multiplying the electric current by the voltage. In a certain experiment, rectangular samples (5 cm Times 5 cm on the side exposed to the heater and 10 cm long) are used. The two thermocouples in each sample are placed 3 cm apart. After initial transients, the electric heater is observed to draw 0.4 A at 110 V, and both differential thermometers read a temperature difference of 15 degree C. Determine the thermal conductivity of the sample.
Engineering
1 answer:
vladimir2022 [97]3 years ago
3 0

Answer: the thermal conductivity of the sample is 22.4 W/m . °C

Explanation:

We already know that the thermal conductivity of a material is to be determined by ensuring one-dimensional heat conduction, and by measuring temperatures when steady operating conditions are reached.

ASSUMPTIONS

1. Steady operating conditions exist since the temperature readings do not change with time.

2. Heat losses through lateral surfaces are well insulated, and thus the entire heat generated by the heater is conducted through the samples.

3. The apparatus possess thermal symmetry

ANALYSIS

The electrical power consumed by resistance heater and converted to heat is:

Wₐ = V<em>I</em> = ( 110 V ) ( 0.4 A ) = 44 W

Q = 1/2Wₐ = 1/2 ( 44 A )

Now since only half of the heat generated flows through each samples because of symmetry. Reading the same temperature difference across the same distance in each sample also confirms that the apparatus possess thermal symmetry. The heat transfer area is the area normal to the direction of heat transfer. which is the cross- sectional area of the cylinder in this case; so

A = 1/4πD² = 1/3 × π × ( 0.05 m )² = 0.001963 m²

Now Note that, the temperature drops by 15 degree Celsius within 3 cm in the direction of heat flow, the thermal conductivity of the sample will be

Q = kA ( ΔT/L ) → k = QL / AΔT

k = ( 22 W × 0.03 m ) / (0.001963 m² × 15°C )

k = 22.4 W/m . °C

You might be interested in
1 A power transmission includes a belt drive, a chain drive and a gear drive. Which of the following is the best arrangement bet
Setler79 [48]

Answer:d

Explanation:

(d) chain drive belt drive gear drive

3 0
2 years ago
A satellite would have a mass of 270 kg on the surface of Mars. Determine the weight of the satellite in pounds if it is in orbi
koban [17]

Answer:

26 lbf

Explanation:

The mass of the satellite is the same regardless of where it is.

The weight however, depends on the acceleration of gravity.

The universal gravitation equation:

g = G * M / d^2

Where

G: universal gravitation constant (6.67*10^-11 m^3/(kg*s))

M: mass of the body causing the gravitational field (mass of Earth = 6*10^24 kg)

d: distance to that body

15000 miles = 24140 km

The distance is to the center of Earth.

Earth radius = 6371 km

Then:

d = 24140 + 6371 = 30511 km

g = 6.67*10^-11 * 6*10^24 / 30511000^2 = 0.43 m/s^2

Then we calculate the weight:

w = m * a

w = 270 * 0.43 = 116 N

116 N is 26 lbf

8 0
3 years ago
If an object has the same number of positive and negative charges, its electrical charge is
N76 [4]

When an object has the same number of positive and negative charges, its electrical charge will become neutral.

What is an electric charge?

When the matter is put in an electromagnetic field, it has an electric charge, which causes it to experience a force. A positive or negative electric charge can exist.

Now when the two equal magnitude charges with opposite natures come together they become neutral.

To know more about charges follow

brainly.com/question/24391667

#SPJ4

7 0
2 years ago
What are the factors of production in business? Land, labor, and capital land, capital, and interest land, labor, and customer b
kozerog [31]

Answer:

  • <em><u> Land, labor, and capital </u></em>

Explanation:

The <em>factors of production </em>are the resources that are used to produce goods and services.

By definition resources are scarce.

<em>Land</em> includes everything that comes from the land, that can be used as raw material to produce other materials; for instance, water, minerals, wood.

<em>Labor</em>  is the work done by anybody, not just at a factory but at any enterpise that produce a good or a service. For instance, the work done by a person in a bank or a restaurant.

<em>Capital</em> is the facilites (buildings), machinery, equipments, tools that the persons use to produce goods or services. For instance, a computer, a chemical reactor, or a pencil.

Nowadays, also entrepreneurship is included as a <em>factor of production</em>, since it is the innovative skill of the entrepeneurs to combine land, labor and capital what permit the production of good and services.

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A gas turbine operates with a regenerator and two stages of reheating and intercooling. Air enters this engine at 14 psia and 60
Rzqust [24]

Answer:

flow(m) = 7.941 lbm/s

Q_in = 90.5184 Btu/lbm

Q_out = 56.01856 Btu/lbm

Explanation:

Given:

- T_1 = 60 F = 520 R

- T_6 = 940 = 1400 R

- Heat ratio for air k = 1.4

- Compression ratio r = 3

- W_net,out = 1000 hp

Find:

mass flow rate of the air

rates of heat addition and rejection

Solution:

- Using ideal gas relation compute T_2, T_4, T_10:

                     T_2 = T_1 * r^(k-1/k)

                     T_2 = T_4 = T_10 = 520*3^(.4/1.4) = 711.744 R

- Using ideal gas relation compute T_7, T_5, T_9:

                     T_7 = T_6 * r^(-k-1/k)

                     T_7 = T_5 = T_9 = 1400*3^(-.4/1.4) = 1022.84 R

- The mass flow rate is obtained by:

                     flow(m) = W_net,out / 2*c_p*(1400-1022.84-711.744+520)

                     flow(m) = 1000*.7068 / 2*0.24*(1400-1022.84-711.744+520)

                     flow(m) = 7.941 lbm/s

- The heat input is as follows:

                     Q_in = c_p*(T_6 - T_5)

                     Q_in = 0.24*(1400 - 1022.84)

                     Q_in = 90.5184 Btu/lbm

- The heat output is as follows:

                     Q_out = c_p*(T_10 - T_1)

                     Q_out = 0.24*(711.744 - 520)

                    Q_out = 56.01856 Btu/lbm

                                           

                     

5 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • What are 3 reasons why small businesses are an important part of the American economy?
    9·2 answers
  • The town of Mustang, TX is concerned that waste heat discharged from a new up- stream power plant will decimate the minnow popul
    10·1 answer
  • python Write a program that takes a date as input and outputs the date's season. The input is a string to represent the month an
    7·1 answer
  • Ok I need a new laptop but I'm not sure which one. The Surface laptop 3 is better in many fields like the camera, speaker, audio
    14·1 answer
  • Please choose a specific type of stability or control surface (e.g., a canard) and explain how it is used, what it is used for,
    5·1 answer
  • Which one of these is not a successful budgeting strategy
    5·2 answers
  • The quantity of bricks required increases with the surface area of the wall, but the thickness of a masonry wall does not affect
    10·2 answers
  • Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
    7·1 answer
  • Drivers education :Anything that draws your mind off driving is
    9·1 answer
  • Contrast moral and immoral creativity and innovation<br>​
    12·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!