Answer:
116.3 electrons
Explanation:
Data provided in the question:
Time, t = 2.55 ps = 2.55 × 10⁻¹² s
Current, i = 7.3 μA = 7.3 × 10⁻⁶ A
Now,
we know,
Charge, Q = it
thus,
Q = (7.3 × 10⁻⁶) × (2.55 × 10⁻¹²)
or
Q = 18.615 × 10⁻¹⁸ C
Also,
We know
Charge of 1 electron, q = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
Therefore,
Number of electrons past a fixed point = Q ÷ q
= [ 18.615 × 10⁻¹⁸ ] ÷ [ 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ ]
= 116.3 electrons
Answer:
a. 0.28
Explanation:
Given that
porosity =30%
hydraulic gradient = 0.0014
hydraulic conductivity = 6.9 x 10⁻4 m/s
We know that average linear velocity given as
The velocity in m/d ( 1 m/s =86400 m/d)
v= 0.27 m/d
So the nearest answer is 'a'.
a. 0.28
Answer:
Free convection:
When heat transfer occurs due to density difference between fluid then this type of heat transfer is know as free convection.The velocity of fluid is zero or we can say that fluid is not moving.
Force convection:
When heat transfer occurs due to some external force then this type of heat transfer is know as force convection.The velocity of fluid is not zero or we can say that fluid is moving in force convection.
Heat transfer coefficient of force convection is high as compare to the natural convection.That is why heat force convection reach a steady-state faster than an object subjected to free-convection.
We know that convective heat transfer given as
q = h A ΔT
h=Heat transfer coefficient
A= Surface area
ΔT = Temperature difference
Harmonic excitation refers to a sinusoidal external force of a certain frequency applied to a system. ... Resonance occurs when the external excitation has the same frequency as the natural frequency of the system. It leads to large displacements and can cause a system to exceed its elastic range and fail structurally.
