Answer: 1) a = 9.61m/s² pointing to west.
2) (a) Δv = - 37.9km/s
(b) a = - 6.10⁷km/years
Explanation: Aceleration is the change in velocity over change in time.
1) For the plane:


a = 9.61m/s²
The plane is moving east, so velocity points in that direction. However, it is stopping at the time of 13s, so acceleration's direction is in the opposite direction. Therefore, acceleration points towards west.
2) Total change of velocity:


km/s
The interval is in years, so transforming seconds in years:
v = 
km/years
Calculating acceleration:


Acceleration of an asteroid is a = -6.10⁷km/years .
The symbol "E3" represents the energy of electrons in the third energy level.
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