Answer:
D. The biosphere change the lithosphere
Explanation:
The red formed due to oxygen which is produced by plants in the process of photosynthesis. This oxygen then reacted with iron atom and formed oxidized iron layers of sedimentary rock. So here plants are responsible for the formation of these layers and we considered plants as part of biosphere so we can say that biosphere is responsible for the change of lithosphere.
Fitness is the quantitative representation of natural and sexual selection within evolutionary biology. It can be defined either with respect to a genotype or to a phenotype in a given environment.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The host's immune response to the transplanted graft, which is commonly exhibited as pericapsular fibrotic overgrowth (PFO), is one of the key causes of defective encapsulated islets in (PFO).PFO creates a barrier upon this capsule surface that inhibits and impedes oxygen and nutrients from entering, resulting in islet cell deprivation, hypoxia, and/or death. This host immune response was missing under in vitro circumstances, which explains why glucose sensing and insulin release were more efficient than in vivo circumstances. Nonetheless, utilizing nanoporous encapsulation or modifying the microcapsular shape and geometry can solve these issues.
Allopatric speciation, also referred to as geographic speciation, is a method of the formation of new species due to isolation of the species from one another through geographic means.
The first step in this process is geographic isolation, which means that the original population is divided into two groups due to geographical reasons such as movement of continents or formation of water bodies.
Next, the species are subjected to different selection pressures due to their different environments. Eventually, the gene pool becomes very different for the two species due to the different selection pressures and because they are not allowed to mix.
Finally, after enough time passes, speciation occurs, which means that the two populations cannot breed to form fertile offspring.
Answer:
The frequency of the recessive allele, t is f(t) = q = 0.29.
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.
