Answer:
The addition or subtraction of an electron and change ions to have a positive or negative charge. So, if and ion with an equal amount of protons and electrons gains an electron, it becomes negatively charged.
Explanation:
Answer:
Lithium has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, 3 electrons, and its mass is 6.941 u
Answer:
The traditional electrolyte for aluminium electrolysis is based on molten cryolite (Na3AlF6), acting as solvent for the raw material, alumina (Al2O3).Metals are found in ores combined with other elements. Electrolysis can be used to extract a more reactive metal from the ore.
Aluminum can and is used as both anodes and cathodes in electrochemical cells, but there are some peculiarities to using it as an anode in aqueous solutions. As you note, aluminum forms a passivating oxide layer quite readily, even by exposure to atmosphere. In an aqueous solution, if the potential is high enough, OH− and O2− are generated at the anode, which can then react with the aluminum to produce aluminum oxide. Al^3+ can also be generated directly. The electric field will draw the anions through the growing aluminum oxide layer towards the aluminum surface and the Al^3+ towards the solution, making the oxide layer grow both away from the electrode surface and into the surface of the electrode. In this way, coatings thicker than the normal passivation in air can be produced. However, aluminum oxide is a good electrical insulator, thus if a dense non-porous layer is grown, it will become impossible to pass current through it and growth will stop, leaving a relatively thin oxide layer (this is how the dielectric layers in electrolytic capacitors are made). This is the normal behaviour in aqueous solutions at near-neutral pH (5–7).
However, if a thick aluminum oxide layer is desired (e.g. to produce coatings on aluminum parts for dying or durability), maintaining porosity is necessary to avoid completely blocking access to the surface. One technique that is commonly used is using a low pH solution, which tends to redissolve some of the oxide and neutralize some of the formed OH−, leaving pores in the oxide layer through which the ions can travel and continue to react. These pores also give a good structure to retain dyes or lubricants, but generally need to be sealed after to protect against corrosion.
The volume measured using such a cylinder will be reported to the nearest 10th mL.
<h3>Cylinder graduation</h3>
10 mL graduated cylinders are always read to the nearest two decimal places.
100 mL graduated cylinders are always read to the nearest 1 decimal place. The nearest 1 decimal place is the same thing as the nearest 10th.
Thus, a reading made using a 100mL increment graduated cylinder would be reported to the nearest 10th mL.
More on cylinder graduation can be found here: brainly.com/question/14427988
#SPJ1
Answer: The molecule is expected to have a dipole moment of zero.
Explanation:
The product of magnitude of the charge calculated in electrostatic units is called dipole moment.
Formula for dipole moment is as follows.
Dipole moment = Charge (in esu) distance (in cm)
Non-polar molecules have zero dipole moment.
For example, is a non-polar molecule so its dipole moment is zero.
is a polar molecule so it will have dipole moment.
is a polar molecule so it will have dipole moment.
has nitrogen atom as more electronegative than hydrogen atom. So, net dipole moment will be in the direction of nitrogen atom.
Thus, we can conclude that the molecule is expected to have a dipole moment of zero.