Which group 4A element has the highest ionization energy?

Cytotoxic t cells can attack target cells with which chemical weapons?

Aneli [31]

Answer:

secrete cytotoxic substance which triggers apoptosis of target cell.

Explanation:

Cytotoxic T cells have cell surface receptor which recognizes the antigen present on the receptor of target cell. This interaction initiates the process of killing of target cell.

After interaction cytotoxic t cell release cytotoxic substance called granzyme and perforin. Granzyme triggers apoptosis through the activation of caspases or by making the release of cytochrome c and activation of the apoptosome.

Perforin make pores in the cell and its action is similar to complement membrane attack complex. Therefore cytotoxic substances are released by Tc cells which trigger apoptosis of target cell.

4 0

3 years ago

Thermal energy always moves from a greater energy level to a lesser energy level

Nookie1986 [14]

Answer:

$\fbox{Law -Based \: on \: laws \: of \: thermodynamic}$

Explanation:

At constant pressure Thermal energy always moves from a greater energy level to a lesser energy level, laws of thermodynamics prove that.

Nature always likes to attain equilibrium either it's movement of heat energy or flow of water from higher region to lower region. The first and second law of thermodynamics are profe of that, the first law says that the total energy of universe is Constant. Energy can not be destroyed it always changes from one form to another, by work and heat. The second law explains why thermal energy moves from a greater energy level to a lesser energy level, it deals with the change in entropy of a system and surrounding and states heat flows from hot environment to cold environment.

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6 0

2 years ago

Complete the three words. The oxidation state tells you how many electrons an atom has g....................... , l.............

fgiga [73]

Answer:Gained, Lost , Shared

Explanation:

The oxidation state tells you how many electrons an atom has GAINED.................. , LOST....................... , or SHARED........................ , in forming a compound.

Oxidation state is defined as the the total number of electrons that an atom gains or loses when forming a chemical bond with another atom.

----To form an ionic bond for example in NaCl, Na, with 11 electrons and one valence electron in its outermost shell donates or lose that valence electron to Chlorine with 17 electron and 7 in its outermost shell. Therefore Sodium, Na acquires the +1 oxidaton state to become stable and Chlorine acquires the -1 oxidation state to become stable forming the NaCl compound.

To form a covalent compound, There must be sharing of electrons between atoms.For example, in PCl3, The phosphorous atom with atomic number 15 shares its three unpaired electrons with the single valence electrons of three chlorine atoms. making the four molecules to attain stability with Phosphorous having +3 and the chlorine atoms having -1 oxidation states

8 0

3 years ago

Q Q 3. (08.02 MC)

AnnyKZ [126]

Answer: A volume of 455 mL from 0.550 M KBr solution can be made from 100.0 mL of 2.50 M KBr.

Explanation:

Given: $V_{1}$ = ?, $M_{1}$ = 0.55 M