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Lapatulllka [165]
3 years ago
13

Which statement about the elements in the periodic table is true

Chemistry
2 answers:
miss Akunina [59]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The reactivity of alkali metals increases as atomic mass increases.

Explanation:

There are six elements in the periodic table that can be classified as alkali metals. These elements are extremely reactive and it is correct to say that the reactivity of alkali metals increases as the atomic mass increases.

These metals can be found in the IA family of the periodic table and contain the names: Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium.

egoroff_w [7]3 years ago
6 0

A. The number of valence electrons increases as atomic mass increases. == Generally true for the representative elements since atomic mass generally increases with increasing Z.  

B. The reactivity of alkali metals increases as atomic mass increases. == True. Atomic mass increases down the column and so does reactivity  

C. The reactivity of the halogens increases as atomic mass increases. == False. Reactivity decreases down the column.  

D. The number of valence electrons decreases across a period. == False. In general, the number of valence electrons increases across a period, particularly for the representative elements.

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Which of the following pairs lists a substance that can neutralize H2SO4 and the salt that would be produced from the reaction?
Bogdan [553]

The second option only.

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<h3>Explanation</h3>

A base neutralizes an acid when the two reacts to produce water and a salt.

Sulfuric acid H₂SO₄ is the acid here. There are more than one classes of bases that can neutralize H₂SO₄. Among the options, there are:

Metal hydroxides

  • Ca(OH)₂ and
  • LiOH.

Metal hydroxides react with sulfuric acid to produce water and the sulfate salt of the metal.

\text{Ca}(\text{OH})_{\bf 2}+\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \to \textbf{Ca}\textbf{SO}_{\bf 4} +{\bf 2}\;\text{H}_2\text{O}.

The formula for calcium sulfate \text{CaSO}_4 in option A is spelled incorrectly. Why? The charge on each calcium \text{Ca}^{2+} is +2. The charge on each sulfate ion {\text{SO}_4}^{2-} is -2. Unlike \text{Li}^{+} ions, it takes only one \text{Ca}^{2+} ion to balance the charge on each {\text{SO}_4}^{2-} ion. As a result, \text{Ca}^{2+} and {\text{SO}_4}^{2-} ions in calcium sulfate exist on a 1:1 ratio.

2\;\text{LiOH} +\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \to \text{Li}_2\text{SO}_4 + 2\;\text{H}_2\text{O}.

Ammonia, NH₃

Ammonia NH₃ can also act as a base and neutralize acids. NH₃ exists as NH₄OH in water:

\text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \to \textbf{NH}_{\bf 4}\text{OH}.

The ion {\text{NH}_4}^{+} acts like a metal cation. Similarly to the metal hydroxides, NH₃ (or NH₄OH) neutralizes H₂SO₄ to produce water and a salt:

2\;\textbf{NH}_{\bf 4}\text{OH}+ \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \to (\textbf{NH}_{\bf 4})_2\text{SO}_4+2\;\text{H}_2\text{O}.

The formula of the salt (NH₄)₂SO₄ in the fourth option spelled the ammonium ion incorrectly.

As part of the salt (NH₄)₂SO₄, the ammonium ion NH₄⁺ is one of the products of this reaction and can't neutralize H₂SO₄ any further.

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