The second law of thermodynamics states that in a reversible process, the entropy of the universe is constant, whereas in an irreversible process, such as the transfer of heat from a hot object to a cold object, the entropy of the universe increases
1L ------------ 1 kg
? ------------- 3.8 kg
3.8 x 1 / 1
= 3.8 L
<u>Answer:</u> The products of the given chemical equation are 
<u>Explanation:</u>
Protonation equation is defined as the equation in which protons get added in the substance.
The chemical equation for the protonation of carbonate ion in the presence of water follows:
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of carbonate ion reacts with 1 mole of water to produce 1 mole of hydrogen carbonate ion and 1 mole of hydroxide ion
Hence, the products of the given chemical equation are
b) It is based on atomic properties as alkali metals requires 7 more electrons to complete their outer orbit. And they try to give those electrons to other elements to obtain noble gas configuration.
Noble gases are the gases which do not react easily with anything. They are also called as Inert gases, and belongs to group 18 of the periodic table.
Alkali metals are the substances which are found in Group I of a periodic table. Mostly the elements which are present are:
Properties of alkali metals are: Soft, shiny reactive metals. They are soft enough to cut with knife. Metals react with water and air quickly and gets tarnish, so pure metals are stored in container by dipping them in oil to prevent oxidation.
To know more about Alkali metals, refer to this link:
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