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Anna11 [10]
3 years ago
9

A vertical piston-cylinder device contains water and is being heated on top of a range. During the process, 10 kJ of heat is tra

nsferred to the water, and heat losses from the side walls amount to 80 J. The piston rises as a result of evaporation, and 2 J of work is done by the vapor. Determine the change in the energy of the water for this process.
Engineering
1 answer:
grigory [225]3 years ago
6 0

Answer: 9.9KJ

Explanation: Q = U + W + losses

Q is heat transfered to the water

U is the change in energy of the system

W is work done by the system = 2J

Losses = 80J

Heat into system is 10kJ = 10000KJ

Therefore

U = Q - W - losses

U = 10000 - 2 - 80 = 9990J

= 9.9kJ

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Explanation:

Temperature range → 0 to 80'c

respective voltage output → 0.2v to 0.5v

required temperature range 20'c to 40'c

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\begin{aligned}v_{20} &=0.2+\frac{0.5-0.8}{80} \times 20 \\&=0.2+\frac{0.3}{80} \times 20 \\V_{20} &=0.275 v\end{aligned}

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\begin{array}{l}v_{0}=\left(v_{i n}-0.275\right) G \\\sigma=\ldots \frac{3-0}{0.35-0.275}=3 / 0.075=40 \\v_{0}=\left(v_{i n}-0.275\right) 40\end{array}

The simplest circuit will be a op-amp

NOTE: Refer the figure attached

Vs is sensor output

Vr is the reference volt, Vr = 0.275v

\begin{aligned}v_{0}=& v_{s}-v_{v}\left(1+\frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}}\right) \\\Rightarrow & \frac{1+\frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}}}{2}=40 \\& \frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}}=39 \quad \Rightarrow\end{aligned}

choose R2, R1 such that it will maintain required  ratio

The output Vo can be connected to voltage buffer if you required better isolation.

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