Answer and Explanation:
the electronic devices always have some noises present in the signal
there are some important considerations in optical fiber communications these are.
- the noise which is contributed by transmitter are electronic random noise, low frequency noise
- noise which is contributed by laser are relative intensity noise, mode partition noise, conversion of phase noise to amplitude noise.
- noise contributed by photo detector are quantum shot noise, shot noise from dark current, avalanche multiplication noise.
PRINCIPLE OF POPULATION INVERSION :
The principle of population inversion is defined as for production of high percentage of simulated emission for a laser beam the number of atoms in higher state should be greater than lower energy state
Answer:
The taken is 
Explanation:
Frm the question we are told that
The speed of car A is 
The speed of car B is 
The distance of car B from A is 
The acceleration of car A is 
For A to overtake B
The distance traveled by car B = The distance traveled by car A - 300m
Now the this distance traveled by car B before it is overtaken by A is
Where 
is the time taken by car B
Now this can also be represented as using equation of motion as
Now substituting values
Equating the both d
substituting values
Solving this using quadratic formula we have that
First, we convert kcal to joules:
1 kcal = 4.184 kJ
475 kcal = 1987.4 kJ
Now, calculating the change in internal energy:
ΔU = Q + W; where Q is the heat supplied to the system and W is the work done on the system.
ΔU = -500 + 1987.4
ΔU = 1487.4 kJ
Answer:
The force generated by a single muscle fiber can be increased by increasing the frequency of action potentials
Explanation:
The force generated by a muscle fiber is the result of the shortening of the skeletal muscle, and this force is also know as muscle tension. The larger motor units shorten along with the smaller units to produce the muscle force. The time lapsed between the beginning of the action potential in the muscle and the beginning of the contraction is the latent period. Action potential is the result of the difference electrical potential as a result of passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle or nerve cell.
