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Nimfa-mama [501]
3 years ago
12

What is the major driving force for losing a proton as the last step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Fofino [41]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

In the following reaction we have shown an example of aromatic substitution reaction .

C₆H₆ + RCl = C₆H₅R  + HCl

This  reaction takes place in the presence of catalyst like AlCl₃ which is a lewis acid .

First of all formation of carbocation is made as follows .

RCl + AlCl₃ = R⁺ + AlCl₄⁻

This R⁺ is carbocation which is also called electrophile . It attacks the ring to get attached with it .

C₆H₆ + R⁺  =   C₆H₅R⁺H.

The complex formed is unstable , though it is stabilized by resonance effect . In the last step H⁺ is kicked out of the ring . The driving force that does it is the steric hindrance due to presence of two adjacent group of H and R⁺ at the same place . Second driving force is attack by the base  AlCl₄⁻ that had been formed earlier . It acts as base and it extracts proton ( H⁺ ) from the ring .

C₆H₅R⁺H + AlCl₄⁻  = C₆H₆ + AlCl₃ + HCl .

The formation of a stable product C₆H₆ also drives the reaction to form this product .

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Ivanshal [37]
The %  composition   when 10g of magnesium combine   with  4g of   nitrogen  is  71.43%   magnesium   and  28.57 %  nitrogen

               calculation

%
  composition  =  mass  of an element  / total mass  x100
mass  of magnesium = 10 g
mass of nitrogen  =  4g

calculate  the  total  mass  used

=  10g of  Magnesium  + 4 g of  nitrogen = 14 grams

%   composition for  magnesium  is therefore  =  10/14  x100 = 71.43 %

%  
composition  for  nitrogen  is therefore = 4 /14  x100  =   28.57 %
7 0
3 years ago
14. All the following are necessary parts of a neutralization reaction except A. an indicator. B. a salt. C. water. D. an acid.
ValentinkaMS [17]

The correct answer is <em>B. a Salt </em><em>because The reaction of an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction because the properties of both the acid and base are diminished or neutralized when they react. A neutralization reaction is a reaction of an acid with a base in aqueous solution to produce water and a salt, as shown by the following equation:</em>

<em>acid + base → salt + water</em>

<em />

<em>* Hopefully this helps:) Mark me the brainliest:) </em>

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6 0
3 years ago
Use the image above and describe the
Lina20 [59]

Answer:

If you see in the image above, there is an unbalance force applied while playing tug of war. Since it is 1 vs 2, there is a greater net force in the right side then the left side. If it was 2 vs 2 or 1 vs 1, then they are appling balance force. You can also see in the picture that the arrows are pointing outwards (--->) rather then inwards (<---) because you are pulling the rope not pushing the rope. If you add one person on the left side, then the newtons which is 20N will become to 35N and will be balanced, but since there in only 1 person, there is less force on the left side, the newtons gets subtracted having only 20N. Since you are pulling the rope, the friction is opposite (<---). Since you are pulling the rope, you are using Kinetic force and the rope stays in potential force since it stays constant.

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4 0
3 years ago
You need to make 10.0 L of 1.2 M KNO3. What molar ( concentration) would the potassium nitrate solution need to be if you were t
solniwko [45]

Answer:

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Explanation:

Generally, moles of solute in solution before dilution must equal moles of solute after dilution.

By definition Molarity = moles solute/volume of solution in Liters

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=> Molarity of 2.5L concentrate = (1.2M)(10.0L)/(2.5L) = 4.8 Molar concentrate

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The concentration of reactants and products and the rate of reaction were measured during a chemical reaction. After the first 3
igomit [66]

Answer: B

Explanation:

4 0
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