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Nimfa-mama [501]
3 years ago
12

What is the major driving force for losing a proton as the last step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Fofino [41]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

In the following reaction we have shown an example of aromatic substitution reaction .

C₆H₆ + RCl = C₆H₅R  + HCl

This  reaction takes place in the presence of catalyst like AlCl₃ which is a lewis acid .

First of all formation of carbocation is made as follows .

RCl + AlCl₃ = R⁺ + AlCl₄⁻

This R⁺ is carbocation which is also called electrophile . It attacks the ring to get attached with it .

C₆H₆ + R⁺  =   C₆H₅R⁺H.

The complex formed is unstable , though it is stabilized by resonance effect . In the last step H⁺ is kicked out of the ring . The driving force that does it is the steric hindrance due to presence of two adjacent group of H and R⁺ at the same place . Second driving force is attack by the base  AlCl₄⁻ that had been formed earlier . It acts as base and it extracts proton ( H⁺ ) from the ring .

C₆H₅R⁺H + AlCl₄⁻  = C₆H₆ + AlCl₃ + HCl .

The formation of a stable product C₆H₆ also drives the reaction to form this product .

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vitfil [10]

To take the percent by mass of this element, we use the formula:

% mass = (mass of element / mass of ore) * 100%

% mass = (47.5 g / (660 kg * 1000 g / kg)) * 100*

<span>% mass = 7.20 x 10^-3 %</span>

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the concentration of the barium hydroxide solution if 50.0 mL of a 0.425 M HNO3 solution is required to neutralize a 36.
fomenos

The molarity of Barium Hydroxide is 0.289 M.

<u>Explanation:</u>

We have to write the balanced equation as,

Ba(OH)₂ + 2 HNO₃ → Ba(NO₃)₂ + 2 H₂O

We need 2 moles of nitric acid to react with a mole of Barium hydroxide, so we can write the law of volumetric analysis as,

V1M1 = 2 V2M2

Here V1 and M1 are the volume and molarity of nitric acid

V2 and M2 are the volume and molarity of Barium hydroxide.

So the molarity of Ba(OH)₂, can be found as,

$ M2 = \frac{V1 \times M1}{2 \times V2}

   $M2 = \frac{50 \times 0.425 }{2 \times 36.8}

      = 0.289 M

5 0
3 years ago
How many chlorine atoms are on the products side of the reaction 2al 6hcl → 2alcl3 3h2? 2 3 6 9
GenaCL600 [577]

The number of chlorine atoms present on the product side of the reaction is 6

<h3>What is a chemical equation? </h3>

Chemical equations are representations of chemical reactions using symbols and formula of the reactants and products.

The balancing of chemical equations follows the law of conservation of matter which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but can be transferred from one form to another.

<h3>How to determine the number of atoms of Cl</h3>

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Products => AlCl₃ and H₂

Number of Cl atoms = 2 × 3

Number of Cl atoms = 6 atoms

Learn more about chemical equation:

brainly.com/question/7181548

#SPJ4

3 0
2 years ago
I NEED HELP PLEASE, THANKS!
ira [324]

Answer:

About 0.652

Explanation:

Because the reaction is balanced, we can go straight to the next step. The molar mass of potassium is about 39.098, while the molar mass of hydrogen gas is 2 and the molar mass of water is 18. Therefore, 25.5g of potassium would be about 0.652 moles, and 220 grams of water would be about 12.222 moles, making potassium the limiting reactant. Since there is a single unit of each compound on both sides of the equation, there would be an equal amount of moles of potassium and hydrogen, and therefore about 0.652 moles of hydrogen gas would be produced. Hope this helps!

6 0
3 years ago
Which of the following is an example of oxidation? A. Charcoal is placed on a grill and lighting fluid poured over it. B. A car
Vikentia [17]

Answer:

<u>The Answer is (B)  A car get rusty over the course of few years</u>Explanation:

<u>Explanation:</u>

  • <u>Oxidation </u>refers to the process of loss of electrons by a molecule,atom or ion during a chemical reaction.The process which is just the opposite of oxidation is reduction,it occurs when their is gain of electrons .
  • <u>When iron reacts with the oxygen it forms a chemical know as Rust.In this case iron has lost some electrons and the oxygen has gained some electrons</u>

<u></u>

4 0
3 years ago
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