S and S²⁻ do not have the outer subshell fully filled with electrons.
Explanation:
We look at electronic configurations:
Ca 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² - the outer subshell 4s² is fully-filled with electrons
S 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴ - the outer subshell 3p⁴ is not fully-filled with electrons
Zn²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s⁰ - here the 4s subshell is higher in energy than 3d subshell so will consider 3d¹⁰ the out subshell which is fully-filled with electrons
S²⁻ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p² - the outer subshell 3p² is not fully-filled with electrons
Ca²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ - the outer subshell 3p⁶ is fully-filled with electrons
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electron configurations
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Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers are called isotopes
The pressure of diver = atmospheric pressure + water pressure
atmospheric pressure = 750 mmHg (as given) = 750 / 760 atm = 0.987 atm
Water pressure is
P = hρg
where
h = height of water = 38 ft
1 ft = 0.3048
38 ft = 11.58 m
ρ = density = 1000 Kg / m³
g = gravitational constant = 9.81 m/s2
P = 11.58 X 1000 X 9.81 = 113599.8 Kg / m s^2 Or N /m^2
1 N / m^2 = 1 pa = 9.869 X 10^-6 atm
P = 113599.8 Pa = 1.12 atm
Total pressure = 1.12 + 0.987 atm = 2.107 atm = 2.1 atm (two significant figures)
Answer: 159.61 g/mol
Copper has a molar mass of 63.546 g/mol
Sulfur has a molar mass of 32.065 g/mol
Oxygen has a molar mass of 16 g/mol, multiply by 4 and it is 16 x 4 = 64 g/mol
63.546 + 32.065 + 64 = 159.61 g/mol
