Answer:
As we read from left to right across the periodic table atomic numbers are increased by one each of element.
Explanation:
As we move from left to right across the periodic table the atomic number is increased by one and the number of valance electron in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell. When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.
Maximum number of covalent bonds that an oxygen atom can make with hydrogen is 2.
- the ground state electronic configuration of oxygen is 2s² 2p⁴ that means it has 6 electrons in its valence shell and require two electrons are required to complete its octate.
- Two bonds are created when an electron donor atom shares the two needed electrons with oxygen. The ability of two oxygen atoms to share valence electrons results in the creation of a double bond between the two atoms.
- There are no longer any empty orbitals in the octet of oxygen after it is complete. As a result, it is unable to accept more electrons or create more bonds.
Therefore, Oxygen can only generate two bonds because it needs two additional electrons to complete its octet, after which it will run out of empty orbitals in which to receive additional electrons and create additional bonds.
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Answer: Nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
Explanation: e.g two deuterium nucleus (Hydrogen-2 isotopes) forms an He nucleus and energy is released.
