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antoniya [11.8K]
3 years ago
11

An action potential is regarded as an example of a positive feedback. Which of the following examples below best illustrates the

positive feedback aspect of an action potential?
Potassium permeability is about 25 times greater than sodium ions.

Voltage gated potassium ion channels open slowly and remain open long enough to cause hyperpolarization.

The sodium potassium pump consistently moves ions as long as ATP is available, and regardless of membrane potential changes.

A threshold stimulus will cause the opening of voltage gated sodium ion channels that will cause further depolarizing stimulus.

This stimulus will open still more voltage gated sodium ion channels.
Chemistry
1 answer:
saul85 [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

A threshold stimulus will cause the opening of voltage gated sodium ion channels that will cause further depolarizing stimulus.This stimulus will open still more voltage gated sodium ion channels.

Explanation:

Action potential: It occurs when the potential of a membrane, of a specific cell location rapidly falls and raises. This depolarization stimuli later cause adjacent location to similarly depolarize. It is produce by the special types of voltage gated ion channels present in the cell's plasma membrane.

These channels are closed when the membrane potential near resting potential of the cell which is also called negative potential, but they fastly starts to open if the membrane potential increase to a defined threshold voltage, and depolarizing the potential of transmembrane.

When the channels are open, they allow sodium ions inward flow, which cause the changes in electrochemical gradient and producing further raise in the membrane potential. This then cause more channels to open.

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Use the periodic table to identify the element with the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁴. Write its orbital diagram, and give th
natta225 [31]

Answer:

1. Orbital diagram

2p⁴   ║ ↑↓ ║  "↑"  ║   ↑

2s²    ║ ↑↓ ║

1s²     ║ ↑↓ ║

2. Quantum numbers

  • <em>n </em>= 2,
  • <em>l</em> = 1,
  • m_{l} = 0,
  • m_{s} = +1/2

Explanation:

The fill in rule is:

  • Follow shell number: from the inner most shell to the outer most shell, our case from shell 1 to 2
  • Follow the The Aufbau principle, 1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p
  • Hunds' rule: Every orbital in a sublevel is singly occupied before any orbital is doubly occupied. All of the electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin (to maximize total spin).

So, the orbital diagram of given element is as below and the sixth electron is marked between " "

2p⁴   ║ ↑↓ ║  "↑"  ║   ↑

2s²    ║ ↑↓ ║

1s²     ║ ↑↓ ║

The quantum number of an electron consists of four number:

  • <em>n </em>(shell number, - 1, 2, 3...)
  • <em>l</em> (subshell number or  orbital number, 0 - orbital <em>s</em>, 1 - orbital <em>p</em>, 2 - orbital <em>d...</em>)
  • m_{l} (orbital energy, or "which box the electron is in"). For example, orbital <em>p </em>(<em>l</em> = 1) has 3 "boxes", it was number from -1, 0, 1. Orbital <em>d</em> (<em>l </em>= 2) has 5 "boxes", numbered -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
  • m_{s} (spin of electron), either -1/2 or +1/2

In our case, the electron marked with " " has quantum number

  • <em>n </em>= 2, shell number 2,
  • <em>l</em> = 1, subshell or orbital <em>p,</em>
  • m_{l} = 0, 2nd "box" in the range -1, 0, 1
  • m_{s} = +1/2, single electron always has +1/2
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