Answer:
C
Explanation:
Element Z acquires two electrons from element X for stability
Answer:
We can do the nitration of benzene by treating the benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid by not extending the temperature of 50°C
Explanation:
Nitration of benzene takes place by treating the benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid at low temperatures such as the temperatures below 50°C
The nitration of benzene takes place through electrophilic substitution reaction
In this reaction the electrophile is nitronium ion (NO2+) which performs an electrophilic substitution reaction on the benzene ring and during the reaction an intermediate will also be formed in which there will be positive charge distributed in the benzene
These electrophile is generated when nitric acid is treated with sulphuric acid
As nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent, here in this case the oxidation state of nitrogen will change from +5 to +3
The reactions regarding the nitration of benzene is present in the file attached
A. We can calculate the initial concentrations of each by
the formula:
initial concentration ci = initial volume * initial
concentration / total mixture volume
where,
total mixture volume = 10 mL + 20 mL + 10 mL + 10 mL = 50
mL
ci (acetone) = 10 mL * 4.0 M / 50 mL = 0.8 M
ci (H+) = 20 mL * 1.0 M / 50 mL = 0.4 M (note: there is only 1 H+ per
1 HCl)
ci (I2) = 10 mL * 0.0050 M / 50 mL = 0.001 M
B. The rate of reaction is determined to be complete when
all of I2 is consumed. This is signified by complete disappearance of I2 color
in the solution. The rate therefore is:
rate of reaction = 0.001 M / 120 seconds
rate of reaction = 8.33 x 10^-6 M / s
Work allows energy to be transferred from one object to another. To do work, an agent must exert a force on an object over a long distance.
When work is done, energy is transferred from the agent to the object, resulting in a change in the motion of the object (more specifically, a change in the object's kinetic energy).
What is energy?
Energy is essential to human society and has numerous health benefits. However, each energy source poses some health risks. This article examines the health consequences of each major source of energy, focusing on those with the greatest global impact on disease burden. The harvesting and burning of solid fuels, coal, and biomass have the greatest health consequences, primarily in the form of occupational health risks and household and general ambient air pollution. In the world's poorest households, a lack of access to clean fuels and electricity poses a particularly serious health risk. Although energy efficiency has many advantages, energy use is essential to human society and has numerous health benefits.
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