A 12.8 g piece of aluminum (which has a molar heat capacity of 24.03 j/°c·mol) is heated to 82.4°c and dropped into a calorimete
r containing water (specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 j/g°c) initially at 22.3°c. the final temperature of the water is 25.7°c. ignoring significant figures, calculate the mass of water in the calorimeter.
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<u>Answer:</u> The limiting reagent in the given chemical reaction is carbon metal.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Excess reagent is defined as the reagent which is present in large amount in a chemical reaction.
Limiting reagent is defined as the reagent which is present in small amount in a chemical reaction. Formation of product depends on the limiting reagent.
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
- <u>For sodium sulfate:</u>
Given mass of sodium sulfate = 16.29 g
Molar mass of sodium sulfate = 142 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
- <u>For carbon:</u>
Given mass of carbon = 3.697 g
Molar mass of carbon = 12 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
For the given chemical reaction:
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
4 moles of carbon reacts with 1 mole of sodium sulfate
So, 0.31 moles of carbon will react with = of sodium sulfate
As, given amount of sodium sulfate is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, carbon metal is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
Hence, the limiting reagent in the given chemical reaction is carbon metal.