Answer:
sp³d¹ hybridization
Explanation:
Given Cl as central element with three F substrates ...
The VSEPR structure indicates 5 hybrid orbitals that contain 2 diamagnetic orbitals (non-bonded e⁻-pairs) and 3 paramagnetic orbitals (single, non-paired electron for covalent bonding with fluorine) giving a trigonal bypyrimidal parent with a T-shaped geometry.
Valence bond theory predicts the following during bonding:
Cl:[Ne]3s²3p²p²p¹3d⁰
=> [Ne]3s²p²p¹p¹d¹
=> [Ne]3(sp³d)²(sp³d)²(sp³d)¹(sp³d)¹(sp³d)¹
giving 3 ( [Cl](sp³d) - [F]2p¹ ) sigma bonds and 2 non-bonded pairs on Cl.
Note the following images:
Non-bonded electron pairs are in plane of parent geometry and Fluorides covalently bonded to central element Chloride forming the T-shaped geometry.
Answer:
The group number in the periodic table represents number of valence electrons of the elements in a certain group.
Explanation:
There are s, p, d, and f blocks, which you can see in periodic table
The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum) and the actinides (like actinium)
There are three main principles, which may useful for you:
- The Pauli exclusion rule basically says that at most, 2 electrons are allowed to be in the same orbital.
- Hund’s rule explains that each orbital in the subshell must be occupied with one single electron first before two electrons can be in the same orbital.
- The Aufbau process describes the process of adding electron configuration to each individualized element in the periodic table.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
d and e - Sodium and antimony
Explanation:
The atomic numbers remain the same, while the mass numbers change (because neutrons are being added or taken away).
sodium has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39 - in d, it has an atomic number of 19 but a mass number of 40. therefore, it is an isotope
antimony has an atomic number of 51 and a mass number of 121.60 - in e, it has an atomic number of 51, but a mass number of 123. therefore, it is an isotope
Answer:
The kinetic energy of an object is also measured in joules. Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, but various factors affect how much kinetic energy an object has. The first factor is speed. If two identical objects are moving at different speeds, the faster object has more kinetic energy. In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its stated velocity. Having gained this energy during its acceleration, the body maintains this kinetic energy unless its speed changes. The same amount of work is done by the body when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.
Explanation:
