Answer:
a. New alpha- 1,6 linkages can only form if the branch has a free reducing end
b. The number of sites for enzyme action on a glycogen molecule is increased through alpha- 1,6 linkages
c. At least four glucose residues separate alpha-1,6 linkages
e. The reaction that forms alpha-1,6 linkages is catalyzed by a branching enzyme.
Explanation:
Glycogen i is the main storage polysaccharide in animals. It a homoplymer of (alpha-1-->4)-linked subunits of glucose molecules, with alpha-1--->6)-linked branches.
The alpha-1,6 branches are formed by the glycogen-branching enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of about 7 glucose residues from the non-reducing end of a glycogen branch having at least 11 residues to the C-6 hydroxyl group of a glucose residue which lies inside the same glycogen chain or another glycogen chain, thereby forming a new branch. This ensures that there are at least four glucose residues separating alpha-1,6 linkages.
The effect of branching is that it makes the glycogen molecule more soluble and also increases the number of non-reducing ends, thereby increasing the number of sites for the action of the enzymes glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase.
