Answer:
It's true.
And this makes the state of the sun to be "plasma"
False. The force comes first as in tapping or hitting a balloon. Then comes the motion and that might be the balloon dating in the direction it was shoved.
Answer:
With the development in technology scientists now have improved ways to predict future climates based on past data and past accuracy in such predictions. Researchers can predict future climates by entering past climate data into a computer program if it accurately provides current climate based on data from the past, then we can also predict future climate.
Explanation:
Climate Change is the different changes in the Earth's climate. These changes include changes in some Earth's climate such as temperature, precipitation, rising sea levels.
Over the years, the climate of the Earth continued to get worst, majorly due to the numerous activities of humans which has negatively affected Earth's climate. Some of the scientific research shows increased deforestation, the use of power plants, vehicles, and industries that still uses fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide which traps heat in the atmosphere, are some of the numerous activities of humans that have led to climate change. Using clean and renewable energy sources, preventing deforestation, are some of the ways to improve the climate.
To
solve this problem, we assume that the wavelength of the light in air is 500
nanometers.
For this case we
only need the refractive index of the polystyrene. For an antireflective
coating, we need a quarter of wave thickness at the wavelength in the air. Which
means that the antireflective coating needs to be as thick as 1/4 of the
wavelength, divided by the coating’s refractive index. This is expressed
mathematically in the form:
x = λ / (4 * n)
where,
x = thickness
λ = wavelength
of light
n = index of
refraction of polystyrene
Substituting:
x = 500 nm / (4
* 1.49)
x = 500 nm / 5.96
x = 83.90 nm
Explanation:
Formula to determine the critical crack is as follows.
![K_{IC} = \gamma \sigma_{f} \sqrt{\pi \times a}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7BIC%7D%20%3D%20%5Cgamma%20%5Csigma_%7Bf%7D%20%5Csqrt%7B%5Cpi%20%5Ctimes%20a%7D)
= 1,
= 24.1
[/tex]\sigma_{y}[/tex] = 570
and, ![\sigma_{f} = 570 \times \frac{3}{4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma_%7Bf%7D%20%3D%20570%20%5Ctimes%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B4%7D)
= 427.5
Hence, we will calculate the critical crack length as follows.
a = ![\frac{1}{\pi} \times (\frac{K_{IC}}{\sigma_{f}})^{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5Cpi%7D%20%5Ctimes%20%28%5Cfrac%7BK_%7BIC%7D%7D%7B%5Csigma_%7Bf%7D%7D%29%5E%7B2%7D)
= ![\frac{1}{3.14} \times (\frac{24.1}{427.5})^{2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B3.14%7D%20%5Ctimes%20%28%5Cfrac%7B24.1%7D%7B427.5%7D%29%5E%7B2%7D)
= ![10.13 \times 10^{-4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=10.13%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-4%7D)
Therefore, largest size is as follows.
Largest size = 2a
= ![2 \times 10.13 \times 10^{-4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2%20%5Ctimes%2010.13%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-4%7D)
= ![20.26 \times 10^{-4}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=20.26%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-4%7D)
Thus, we can conclude that the critical crack length for a through crack contained within the given plate is
.