Here we have to get the equation to determine the charge of an ion in terms of protons and electrons.
The general formula to determine the charge of an ion is
number of protons - number of electrons = positive (+ve) value represent the positive ion.
number of protons - number of electrons = negative (-ve) value represent the negative ion.
The protons carry positive charge and the electrons carry negative charge. The ion in which the positive charge is more then the negative charge that will be positive ion
i.e. number of protons - number of electrons = positive (+ve) value represent the positive ion.
number of protons - number of electrons = negative (-ve) value represent the negative ion.
Examples:
Positive ion:
1. H⁺ in which number of protons 1 and number of electrons is 0.
Thus 1-0 = 1 (+ve) value.
2. Mg²⁺ in which number of protons 12 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 12 - 10 = 2 (+ve).
Negative ion:
1. F⁻ in which number of protons are 9 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 9 - 10 = -1 (-ve).
2. O²⁻ in which number of protons are 8 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 8 - 10 = -2 (-ve)
Thus the general formula for the determining the charge of an ion is determined.
