Answer:
A = shielding.
Explanation:
The addition of electron causes the atomic size increase from top to bottom due to increase in atomic number.
As the atomic number increased one more electron is added and because of this electron on more electronic shell is added. Thus the electron become more away from the nucleus as many of other electrons are present in the way from nucleus to the outer electrons.
The hold of nucleus becomes weaker. Although nuclear charge is also increased but at the same time other electrons shield the respective electrons. So effective nuclear charge is weaker than the actual nuclear charge.
Because of this shielding it is easy to remove the electrons or we can say ionization energy decreases.
Yes the answer would be C
The molecules of the cold element are going to be closer together and still than the molecules of the hot element because the heat energy causes the molecules to be stimulated and to move.
<h3>How do molecules act at different temperatures?
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In the image you can see the behavior of the molecules when they are in different environments. On the right you see the cold molecules and on the left the hot molecules that are characterized by the following characteristics:
Cold molecules:
- Molecules together.
- Molecules with little movement.
Hot molecules:
- Separate molecules.
- Molecules with active movement.
A simple example to understand this behavior of molecules is water because:
- When water is frozen its molecules are almost static and close together.
- When the water is liquid and it is heated, the molecules move and that is why the water has bubbles, its molecules are separated.
Learn more about molecules in: brainly.com/question/19922822
I can tell you for sure that resistant crop strains is not the correct answer. I believe it would be hydrocarbon substitution. Gene therapy has to do with the study of genetics, which is an example of biotechnology, and animal cloning involves genetics as well.