It allowed him to realize that the mass of an atom is concentrated at its center because the atoms mostly went through the foil but some were deflected. He also realized that an atom probably wasn't just empty space and scattered electron and it had a positive center.
Answer: 10.2 grams
Explanation:
The balanced chemical reaction is :
According to the ideal gas equation:
P = Pressure of the gas = 740 torr = 0.97 atm (760torr=1atm)
V= Volume of the gas = 12.0 L
T= Temperature of the gas = 19°C = 292 K 
R= Gas constant = 0.0821 atmL/K mol
n= moles of gas
According to stoichiometry:
2 moles of hydrogen are generated by = 1 mole of 
Thus 0.48 moles of hydrogen are generated by =
moles of
Mass of 
Thus 10.2 grams of are needed to generate 12.0 L of hydrogen gas if the pressure of hydrogen is 740. torr at 19°C
Losing electrons and forming positive ions
Answer:
Explanation:
1. New substances such as carbondioxide and water is formed.
2. There is evolution of gas bubbles. Gases are released.
3. There is either the absorption of energy or release of energy in form of light and energy.
4. The reaction is irreversible i.e it cannot be reversed, it is permanent once the reaction take place.
5. There is a change in both odor and smell.
A chemical change is a change where new substances are formed due to changes in the properties.
Answer:
See Explanation
Explanation:
Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Metals have lower ionization energy than non metals since ionization energy increases across a period.
One thing that we must have in mind is that it takes much more energy to remove an electron from an inner filled shell than it takes to remove an electron from an outermost incompletely filled shell.
Now let us consider the case of magnesium which has two outermost electrons. Between IE2 and IE3 we have now moved to an inner filled shell(IE3 refers to removal of electrons from the inner second shell) and a lot of energy is required to remove an electron from this inner filled shell, hence the jump.
For aluminium having three outermost electrons, there is a jump between IE3 and IE4 because IE4 deals with electron removal from a second inner filled shell and a lot of energy is involved in the process hence the jump.
Hence a jump occurs each time electrons are removed from an inner filled shell.
