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4 years ago

When chemicals react with each other which factors decide that a successful reaction has taken place ?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Elodia [21]4 years ago

3 0

The factors that affect the rate of a reaction are:

<em>nature of the reactant</em> - when reactants with different chemical composition are exposed to same conditions they would react differently. For instance, when an acid or base is added on litmus paper, blue litmus paper turns red in presence of acid while red litmus paper turns blue when base is added.
<em>surface area</em>- a compound with small pieces spread over a large area will react faster than a big lump of a compound occupying a small area.
<em>temperature of reaction</em>- reactants would react faster at high temperatures. this is because they have higher kinetic energy to collide with each other. Hence a plate of food on the table spoils faster than a plate of food in the fridge.
<em>concentration</em>- an increase in concentration leads to more molecules available to collide and form products. An example, when you add more of indicator in a solution, the color becomes more clear since more particles react to give more color.
<em>presence of a catalyst</em>- a catalyst lowers the activation energy, which means less energy is required to shift reaction in forward direction. In the presence of iron (Fe) a catalyst, nitrogen N₂ and hydrogen H₂ react to produce NH₃

You might be interested in

(will give brainliest) show your work. How many grams of Copper(I) nitrate, CuNO3 are required to produce 88.0 grams of aluminum

ValentinkaMS [17]

Based on the stoichiometry of the reaction, 156.114 g of CuNO3 are required to produce 88.0 grams of aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3.

<h3>What is stoichiometry of a reaction?</h3>

The stoichiometry of a reaction is the molar ratio in which reactants combine to form products.

The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 6 moles of copper (i) nitrate produces 2 moles of aluminium nitrate.

molar mass of Copper(I) nitrate, CuNO3 = 126 g

molar mass of aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3 = 213 g

88.0 g of aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3 = 88.0/213 moles = 0.413 moles

0.413 moles of Al(NO3)3 will be produced by 0.413 ×6/3 = 1.239 moles of CuNO3

Mass of 1.239 moles of CuNO3 = 1.239 × 126 = 156.114 g of CuNO3

Therefore, 156.114 g of CuNO3 are required to produce 88.0 grams of aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3.

Learn more about stoichiometry at: brainly.com/question/16060223

Therefore, 156.114 g of CuNO3

4 0

2 years ago

How do atoms combine to make a different types of matter

Yuliya22 [10]

Answer: Atoms of different elements can combine to make new substances or different types of matter.

Explanation:

A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. If atoms combine that are of two or more different elements

For example: To form water, some atoms fuse together and form molecules. (H2O).

7 0

3 years ago

A mixture containing nitrogen and hydrogen weighs 3.48 g and occupies a volume of 7.47 L at 296 K and 1.02 atm. Calculate the ma

Sonbull [250]

Answer:

there is 2% of hydrogen and 98% of nitrogen (mass percent)

Explanation:

assuming ideal gas behaviour

P*V=n*R*T

n= P*V/(R*T)

where P= pressure=1.02 atm , V=volume=7.47 L , T=absolute temperature= 296 K and R= ideal gas constant = 0.082 atm*L/(mole*K)

thus

n= P*V/(R*T) = 1.02 atm*7.47 L/( 296 K * 0.082 atm*L/(mole*K)) = 0.314 moles

since the number of moles is related with the mass m through the molecular weight M

n=m/M

thus denoting 1 as hydrogen and 2 as nitrogen

m₁+m₂ = mt (total mass)

m₁/M₁+m₂/M₂ = n

dividing one equation by the other and denoting mass fraction w₁= m₁/mt , w₂= m₂/mt , w₂= 1- w₁

w₁/M₁+w₂/M₂ = n/mt

w₁/M₁+(1-w₁) /M₂ = n/mt

w₁*(1/M₁- 1/M₂) + 1/M₂ = n/mt

w₁= (n/mt- 1/M₂) /(1/M₁- 1/M₂)

replacing values

w₁= (n/mt- 1/M₂) /(1/M₁- 1/M₂) = (0.314 moles/3.48 g - 1/(14 g/mole)) /(1/(1 g/mole)-1/(14 g/mole))= 0.02 (%)

and w₂= 1-w₁= 0.98 (98%)

thus there is 2% of hydrogen and 98% of nitrogen

4 0

3 years ago

The electron configuration of an element is 1s22s22p¹. How many valence electrons does the element have

Cloud [144]

Answer:

$\huge\boxed{\sf 3 \ electrons}$

Explanation:

<h3>Electronic configuration:</h3>

$1s^22s^22p^1$

The outermost/valence shell is the second one, seeing from the electronic configuration.

<h3>Valence electrons:</h3>

= 2 + 1 = 3 (electrons are raised to the power in the electronic configuration)

Since, the valence shell here is 2, the electrons of second shell will be counted as valence electrons.

$\rule[225]{225}{2}$

4 0

2 years ago

Fernando places 50 mL of HCl in a 100 mL beaker and 50 mL of NaOH in a 100 mL beaker. he places them on a scale together and mea

olchik [2.2K]

Answer:

The correct options are:

B. The HCl is the solute.

D. The H₂O is the solvent.

E. This mixture conducts electricity.

Explanation:

For the preparation of the HCl solution, 10 mL of HCl and 40 mL of water were mixed.

The compound that is present in the solution in a smaller ratio is the <u><em>solute</em></u> and the other compount -present in higher ratio- is the <u><em>solvent</em></u>.

So, the solute is HCl and the solvent is water (H₂O). Furthermore, water is considered as an universal solvent (for most of the polar and ionic compounds). According to this, the following options are correct:

B. The HCl is the solute.

D. The H₂O is the solvent.

Then, a condition for a solution that is able to conduct electricity is the presence of ions in the solution. When HCl is dissolved in water, it dissociates in ions according to the following equilibrium:

HCl ⇔ H⁺ + Cl⁻

The ions H⁺ and Cl⁻ are electrically charged so the solution can conduct electricity. According to this, the following option is also correct:

E. This mixture conducts electricity.

7 0

3 years ago