Explanation:
When we have direct sunlight, the temperature is higher compared to indirect sunlight.
Direct sunlight is usually overhead whereas indirect sunlight is at an angle to the surface.
- Direct sunlight impacts the surface with more energy concentrated on a smaller surface area.
- This warms the surface more.
- Indirect sunlight is diffuse and spreads over a wider area.
- This leads to a reduction in temperature.
Answer:
54 grams ammonium chloride and 40 grams sodium hydroxide
Explanation:
A buffer is a solution that contains either a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and its salt, the solution is resistant to changes in pH. This means that, a buffer is an aqueous solution of either a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
A Buffer is used to maintain a stable pH in a solution, buffers can neutralize small quantities of additional acid of base. For any buffer solution, there is always a working pH range and a set amount of acid or base that can be neutralized before the pH will change. The amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer before changing its pH is called its buffer capacity.
A good buffer mixture is supposed to have about equal concentrations of its both components. It is a rule of thumb therefore, that a buffer solution has generally lost its usefulness when one component of the buffer pair is less than about 10% of the other component.
The implication of this is that the ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide should be of approximately the same concentration. If the masses are dissolved as shown in the answer, then we will have 1molL-1 of each component of the buffer in accordance with the rule of thumb stated above.
Answer:
Thus, first conversion of mass of methane into moles by dividing it with 16.04 g/mol
Mass = 138.63 g
Explanation:
The balanced chemical reaction is shown below:-
Firstly the moles of methane gas reacted must be calculate as:-
Given, mass of methane = 50.6 g
Molar mass of methane gas = 16.04 g/mol
The formula for the calculation of moles is:-
Thus, from the reaction stoichiometry,
1 mole of methane produces 1 mole of carbon dioxide
Also,
3.15 mole of methane produces 3.15 mole of carbon dioxide
Moles of 
= 3.15 mole
Molar mass of = 44.01 g/mol
Mass = Moles*Molar mass = 
g = 138.63 g
Answer:
The oxidation state of the carbon is +4.
Explanation:
Calcium is in group 2 of the periodic table, therefore, its oxidation state is +2.
The oxidation state of the oxygen is -2.
As the compound is neutral, the sum of the oxidation states of all atoms must be 0.
Oxidation State Ca + Oxidation State C + (Oxidation State O)×3 = 0
+2 + x + (-2)×3 = 0
2 + x - 6 = 0
x = 6 -2
x = 4
Hence, the oxidation state of the carbon is +4.
