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dem82 [27]
3 years ago
5

A dark-adapted human eye at the peak of its sensitivity (510 nm) can perceive a flash when 3.5 x 1015 J of energy enter the iris

. How many photons is this? (In fact only 10% of these are absorbed by the retina.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
Gnom [1K]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

In 3.5 x 10^(15) J of energy there are 9*10^(33) photons.

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we need two equations.

The equation of light velocity, wich is a relation between wavelenght and frecuency.

                                                      c=λν            (1)

where:

  • c: speed of light =  3 × 10^8 [m/s]
  • ν: frecuency [1/s]
  • λ: wavelenght of wave [m]

The Photoelectric Effect equation, that refers to the energy absorbed or emanate by ONE photon.

                                                             E = hν            (2)

where:

  • h : Planck´s constant = 6,626*10^{-34} [J.s]
  • ν: frecuency of radiation [s]
  • Ef: energy of one photon [J]

The first we do is to calculate the frecuency of the flash using equation (1). The wavelenght of the flash is 510 nm = 510 * 10^(-9) m

c=λν........................ ν= c/λ = 3 × 10^8 [m/s]/  510 * 10^(-9) m  = 5,88 * 10^(14) 1/s

<em>Note: small wavelenghts always have big frequencies </em>

Now, we use the photoelectric effect equation to calculate the amount of energy that ONE  photon can abosrb.

 E = hν  ..................... E = 6,626*10^{-34} [J.s] * 5,88 * 10^(14) 1/s =3,9 * 10^(-19) J

To know the number of photons, we just have to divide the TOTAL amount of energy between the energy of ONE photon. So:

# photons = 3.5 x 10^(15) J / 3,9 * 10^(-19) J = 9*10^(33) photons.

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3 years ago
Calcular la cantidad de NaOH necesaria para preparar medio litro de disolución 2,5 N. (Dato: peso molecular del NaOH = 40 g/mol)
kolbaska11 [484]

Answer:

The amount of NaOH required to prepare a solution of 2.5N NaOH.

The molecular mass of NaOH is 40.0g/mol.

Explanation:

Since,

NaOH has only one replaceable -OH group.

So, its acidity is one.

Hence,

The molecular mass of NaOH =its equivalent mass

Normality formula can be written as:Normality=\frac{mass of solute NaOH}{its equivalent mass}  * \frac{1}{volume of solution in L} \\

Substitute the given values in this formula to get the mass of NaOH required.

2.5N=\frac{mass of NaOH}{40g/mol} *\frac{1}{1L} \\mass of NaOH=2.5N*40gmol\\                         =      100.0g

Hence, the mass of NaOH required to prepare 2.5N and 1L. solution is 100g

8 0
3 years ago
A mixture of 18 % 18% disinfectant solution is to be made from 16 % 16% and 23 % 23% disinfectant solutions. How much of each so
jeka94

Answer: 20 gallons of 16% and 8 gallons of 23% solution is usedfor 28 gallons of the 18 % solution.

Explanation:

According to the dilution law,

C_1V_1+C_2V_2=C_3V_3

where,

C_1 = concentration of ist disinfectant solution = 16 %

V_1 = volume of pure acid solution = x gallons

C_2 = concentration of another disinfectant solution= 23%

V_2 = volume of another acid solution= (28-x) gallons

C_3 = concentration of resulting disinfectant solution = 18 %

V_1 = volume of resulting acid solution = 28 gallons

16\times x+23\times (28-x)=18\times 28

x=20galllons

(28-x) = (28-20) = 8 gallons

Thus 20 gallons of 16% and 8 gallons of 23% solution is usedfor 28 gallons of the 18 % solution.

7 0
3 years ago
Are Molar Mass and Molecular Mass the same thing? If they are different, then why are they used interchangeably?
exis [7]

At this point there are two answers:  one says that there is no difference, except for the units;  the molecular weight (MW) is the mass of one molecule, while a molar mass is the mass of a mole (6.02 x 10 ^ 23) of molecules.

While in certain contexts both statements can be shown to be true, I'm not sure these answers really provide you with the insight you're looking for.

So, we'll look at your question from a different perspective.   Take a real example, something simple like water.  Water has a nominal MW of 18 (so we'll use nominal precision for simplicity, instead of the 4-places often used for these types of calculations).

The MW of water (formula = H2O) is the weight of one atom of oxygen, which = 16 amu [8-neutrons at 1 amu each plus 8 protons at 1 amu each = 16 amu), plus two atoms of hydrogen, at 1 proton (1 amu) each.  Normal everyday hydrogen has no neutrons.  So for H2O, we have a total molecular weight of 18 amu.

From the CRC reference book we find that one amu weighs 1.66 x 10 ^--24 grams.  Multiplying the two and in keeping with the two units of precision we're working with, one molecule of water has a mass of  29.8 x 10^-24g, or [3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g] per molecule of water.

A Mole is simply Avagadro's number (6.02 x 10 ^ 23) of anything... protons, baseballs, whatever.  The term Molar Mass in chemistry refers to the mass of a mole of molecules.  So in this case a molar mass of water molecules is Avagadro's number of them, the mass therefore being [6.02 x 10 ^ 23] x 3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g/ molecule] =  18.0 g

Summarizing:

Molecular Weight is the weight given in amu of an atom or molecule.  For H2O, the MW is 18 amu or 3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g.

Molar Weight is the weight, usually in grams of 6.02 x 10 ^ 23 measurements which happens to be equal to the MW of the molecule (or atomic wt. of the atom) , and for water is 18.0 g.

So, while MW and molar weight are related, their absolute values are magnitudes apart.

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3 years ago
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Answer:

5 reasons to be grateful of your teachers for is

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-->They work very hard for us. ...

-->They never give up on us. ...

-->They turn our weaknesses into strengths. ...

-->They are our best guides. ...

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